SECTION III : G. HIRSUTUM 197 



we know for certain that the present species was fairly extensively 



grown. In 1875 we are told, however, that on the trade in British Influence 



cotton goods being established the cultivation of the cotton plant 



was largely discontinued. But in the 'Board of Trade Journal' 

 (XLVII. Nov. 1904, 349-50) a more encouraging state of affairs is re- 

 corded. In the British Central African Protectorate, it is stated, 

 cotton cultivation is extending, aided largely by the railway through 

 Shir6 highlands. The ' Diplomatic and Consular Eeport ' (No. 606, 

 Misc. Series, April 1904) gives an interesting statement of the pro- 

 spects of growing cotton in the East African Protectorate. Edmund 

 D. Morel (' Empire Grown Cotton,' 1904) discusses the cotton culti- 

 vation of East and Central Africa, but gives no sort of hint as to 

 the species raised. His account may be accepted, however, as setting 

 forth the conditions that prevail with the species which from herbarium 

 specimens would seem to be that more especially produced, namely, 

 the tonje manga of Livingstone. 



Colonel Alfred J. Arnold (Inspect. Gnal. de Explor. Compia de 

 Mo9ambique) in a Memorandum dated May 1905 discusses the 

 present position and future prospects of cotton cultivation in Manica 

 and Sofula. These two provinces, which constitute the territory 

 granted by the colony of Portuguese East Africa to the Mo9ambique Mopam- 

 Company, together cover an area of some sixty thousand square 

 miles. They are bounded on the north by the Zambesi, and on the 

 west by the British South African Company, and on the south by 

 the Portuguese territory directly administered by the Portuguese 

 Government, and on the east by the Indian Ocean. Colonel Arnold, 

 while he discusses the advantages geographically of the tract of 

 country belonging to the Company, the merits of its climate and 

 soil for cotton cultivation, the nature and extent of the available 

 labour, &c., gives little details of the species of cotton actually grown. 

 It is thus impossible to ascertain to what extent, if any, the present 

 species is being utilised, though it would seem the plant very possibly 

 that may be found best suited. Colonel Arnold reproduces (much 

 reduced) Parlatore's plate n. III. Sea Island cotton as a general 

 illustration apparently, but gives particulars of the recent endeavours 

 to acclimatise and cultivate Egyptian cottons. Experiments were 

 first made in the Company's Experimental Gardens at Mambone 

 and Chimoio. Later on an experimental field was put under cotton 

 near Nova Fontesvilla, a town on the railway not far from Beira. 

 The results were so satisfactory that the Company resolved to extend 



