COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY 43 



aptitude in finding water. There is a certain amount 

 of evidence in the affirmative as regards frogs, turtles, 

 and allied animals. A member, well acquainted with 

 life on the plains, referred to the fact that thirsty 

 travellers are accustomed to follow a " buffalo rut " in 

 the confident hope of finding water. We need more 

 exact information on such subjects very much. 



Turning now to that most faithful servant of man, 

 the horse, we must confess to having made less progress 

 than in the study of the dog ; and I would suggest that 

 the reason is partly to be found in the very fact, that 

 this animal is a servant, rather than a companion, of 

 man. The whole nature of the horse is restrained and 

 modified so that he may be adapted to human uses, and 

 as a result, we fail to see him in his true nature, as a 

 freely developing animal. The horse has become, to a 

 large extent, a living automaton ; as such, he is an 

 interesting evidence of the dominance of one in- 

 telligence and will over another, but the real nature 

 of the animal is, in consequence, much obscured. We 

 have had, however, many interesting communications 

 on the horse. At an early meeting of the Association 

 Mr Dawes presented the formulated opinions of an 

 expert trainer. Among the most important of these 

 are the following : Horses know their names ; they 

 recognise each other after long separation ; the develop- 

 ment of high-speed trotting is largely dependent on the 

 intelligence displayed in the training; horses exhibit 

 judgment in the choice of track and in jumping hurdles; 

 some horses neigh when the groom is seen at the feed- 

 box or the water-tap ; some even attempt to turn the 

 tap ; horses frequently endeavour to throw vexatious or 

 unskilful riders. I shall be glad to communicate to 

 the Association the results of an important interview I 

 had during the past summer with an eminently success- 

 ful trainer. His experience confirms and amplifies 



