THE PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG ANIMALS 117 



with the nervous system, will be less fully treated than 

 the psychical development. 



Diary. 



The following record concerns a litter of pure-bred St 

 Bernard puppies, whelped in my kennel in the spring of 

 1894. Both sire and dam were of excellent breeding, 

 and the pedigree, for many generations, was known. 

 The dam had a gestation period of about sixty-one days, 

 so that the puppies may be considered to have been 

 born at full time, and they were certainly very strong 

 and active. They were of unusually even size, and with 

 little apparent difference as to vigour, etc. There were 

 seven of the male and six of the female sex, all of 

 which were not preserved ; for some time, however, 

 there were nine, and to the end of the sixth week 

 seven ; after that six. 



The dam whelped in a separate compartment of the 

 kennel where she was all alone and free from dis- 

 turbance. The arrangement to meet the comfort of the 

 dam and her offspring, which I will term the pen, was 

 as follows : On a floor, slightly raised above that of the 

 kennel, some clean, dry straw was littered, the whole 

 being surrounded by a board enclosure to the height of 

 about 1 foot. This pen measured about 3 by 3 feet. 

 Care was taken to change the straw on the floor, while 

 the whole kennel was well lighted, comfortably warmed, 

 and properly aired. The dam was given the best of care 

 in all respects, never had an unfavourable symptom 

 during or after whelping, and was always able to furnish 

 her offspring with abundance of good milk. For many 

 reasons these details are of importance, and it is 

 necessary to state them in order that the record may be 

 properly appreciated. Nearly all the observations for 

 some weeks were made on the puppies in their birth- 



