126 ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE 



Several others were tried, but, while roused in a 

 measure, did not growl, and even the first one soon 

 ceased to react. 



Although ordinary sounds do not rouse them, feelings 

 of discomfort do, for they rarely or never empty the 

 bowels or bladder now where they lie, but move aside 

 to do so. As in the ca^se of rubbing the back, reflex 

 effects get fainter and soon cease. 



18tk day. Being without food for three hours the 

 puppies are very active. They walk about with tails 

 up, and play with each other. 



In order to determine whether they are still guided 

 by the sense of smell or by sight also, two of the 

 puppies were removed from the pen and their eyes 

 bandaged, but this seemed to confuse them and render 

 them so uneasy that no conclusions could be drawn. 



However, when they are held up before a good light, 

 they follow with their eyes the movements of the hand 

 or other object ; nevertheless, when they reach the dam 

 from the distant part of the pen, it is difficult to 

 determine how much they are guided by sight and how 

 much by smell. I am convinced that, while the former 

 is an aid, smell is still the most useful to them in all 

 such cases. 



The peculiar noise made with the lips to attract the 

 attention of dogs, which I may term the lip-call, is 

 evidently heard, and as the position is shifted the 

 puppies follow the sound to right and left. While the 

 dog- whistle is heard, it causes reflexes of the ears and 

 some startling, but does not rouse them so thoroughly 

 into movements as the lip-call and certain other 

 sounds. 



When an attempt is made to plug the nostrils with 

 cotton wool, it is at once sneezed out reflexly. 



Judging by the whining and crying after fasting, 

 hunger is more keenly felt than ever. 



