THE PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG ANIMALS 143 



58th day. An ox's head, that had been boiled free 

 from all flesh, was placed amongst them. They all 

 attacked it eagerly, showing inexperience. 



An old dog would have acted in this way only in 

 case of extreme hunger. 



Some desist and again return to the attack, but show 

 that already experience has not been lost on them. 

 Some of them growl when others approach. 



59th day. The puppies are given small rib-bones 

 from cooked lamb. Each carries off his own with tail 

 up ; uses the paws to steady the bone ; gets hold of it 

 with his teeth by the end, so that he may gnaw off 

 perchance some of it ; growls when a fellow approaches, 

 etc. All this was suggestive of the behaviour of an 

 old dog. The puppies plainly recognise the nature of 

 a fellow's growl under these circumstances. 



QOth day. Temperature higher. The puppies show 

 the effect of the heat both physically and psychically. 



61st day. To-day one sheep's head and a bone for 

 each is placed in their compartment. 



In gnawing their own bone, in growling and acting 

 on the defensive generally, there is considerable advance 

 over the 59th day. 



They are allowed into the large yard to-day for the 

 first time. They have seen this yard from the kennel 

 and from their wire fence run in the middle of it. 

 They mingle with the older dogs and act very much 

 like them. They try to suck the dam and both the 

 other bitches referred to before on the 28th, etc., days. 



They move about the yard from the first, as if 

 acquainted with it, and choose the comfortably shady 

 places in which to lie. By the lip-call, etc., I get them 

 to follow me back to the kennel, but when inside the 

 door they hesitate and soon make for the yard. When 

 placed in their usual compartment in the kennel, after 

 being some hours in the yard, they cry, but not long. 



