THE PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG ANIMALS 209 



Stamping with moderate force on the floor on the 

 kennel (concussion), within 2 feet of the puppies, 

 rouses them far more effectively than a sound of 

 considerable loudness. 



One of the puppies is brought into my study. It 

 moves about, crawling rather than walking, with its 

 tail carried or held, much as in a turtle, the hind legs 

 being much spread out. 



No great uneasiness manifested. 



The puppy is a picture of healthy vegetative existence. 



The incisor teeth are appearing. 



As an evidence that the puppy is influenced by the 

 change in the environment, it may be mentioned that 

 the cheese and the meat do not- produce now the effects 

 they did when the puppy was in its own pen. 



Under favourable conditions a mere trace of salt 

 causes decided signs of disgust. 



When blistering fluid is held within 2 to 3 inches 

 of the nose the puppy acts as if something unpleasant 

 were in its mouth. 



The puppy winks occasionally, apparently spon- 

 taneously, but inking cannot be induced reflexly 

 until the moving finger is approached so close to the 

 eye as to almost touch the eyelashes. 



When the finger and thumb are moved, as in 

 snapping the fingers, but without causing any noise, 

 the puppy under observation turns its eyes in the 

 direction of the object, so that I have no doubt that 

 a small object, as a finger, is distinguished at 3 to 4 

 inches, and a larger one at about 2 feet. When the 

 fingers are snapped in the ordinary way, the head, as 

 well as the eyes, are turned towards the exciting object, 

 showing that vision and hearing are both stimulated 

 effectively and together. 



Motor activity is still poorly developed. 



The coat, straight before, begins to show waviness. 

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