28 The Life of William, Duke of Newcastle 



My Lord drawing near the mentioned town of Gainsborough, 

 there appeared on the top of a hill, above the town, some of 

 the enemy's horse drawn up in a body ; whereupon he imme- 

 diately sent a party of his horse to view them ; who no sooner 

 came within their sight, but they retreated fairly so long as 

 they could well endure ; but the pursuit of my Lord's horse 

 caused them presently to break their ranks, and fall to their 

 heels, where most of them escaped, and fled to Lincoln, another 

 of their garrisons. Hereupon my Lord summoned the town 

 of Gainsborough ; but the Governor thereof refusing to yield, 

 caused my Lord to plant his cannon, and draw up his army 

 on the mentioned hill ; and having played some little while 

 upon the town, put the enemy into such a terror, that the 

 Governor sent out and offered the surrender of the town 

 upon fair terms, which my Lord thought fit rather to embrace 

 than take it by force ; and though, according to the article 

 of agreement made between them, both the enemy's arms 

 and the keys of the town should have been fairly delivered 

 to my Lord, yet it being not performed as it was expected, 

 the arms being in a confused manner thrown down, and the 

 gates set wide open, the prisoners that had been kept in the 

 town began first to plunder ; which my Lord's forces seeing, 

 did the same, although it was against my Lord's will and 

 orders 1 . 



After my Lord had thus reduced the town, and put a good 

 garrison of soldiers into it, and better fortified it, he marched 



put his prisoners aboard a pinnace which was sent from Hull, did intend to quit the 

 place, as not being able to defend it. But before those intents were put in execution 

 he was surrounded by a part of the Earl of Newcastle's forces, who sat down before 

 it.' — Mercurius Aulicus, July 30. 



The death of the Earl of Kingston is also related by Mrs. Hutchinson. 



1 Gainsborough was surrendered on July 30. The breach of the capitulation is also 

 mentioned by Mrs. Hutchinson. Mercurius Aulicus for August 3 gives the following 

 account : ' It was advertised this day that Gainsborough was yielded to the Earl of 

 Newcastle ; on whose first coming before the town, with the rest of his forces, the Lord 

 Willoughby and other of the rebels in it did desire a parley, which being granted upon 

 Saturday night last, July 29, the Commissioners for both parts did agree, in the next 

 morning earl}' (that is to say, about two of the clock), that the town should be delivered, 

 by five of the clock that morning, to such as his Excellency the Earl of Newcastle should 

 appoint to receive it for his Majesty ; the Lord Willoughby and other officers of the 

 rebels to go away, with such arms as they brought into the town ; no common soldier 

 to go forth with any arms at all, nor with more baggage than he brought thither with 

 him ; neither the officers nor soldiers to take with them any colours of horse or foot ; 

 no ordnance, nor any kind of ammunition, to be carried out of the town, or destroyed 

 in it, nor any part of the town or of the goods thereof to be burnt or hurt. All prisoners 

 belonging to the army of the Earl of Newcastle, or which were there when the Lord 

 Willoughby first entered, to be left behind ; and finally, no townsman to go out of the 

 town under pretence of being soldiers.' 



