122 The Life of William, Duke of Newcastle 



VI 



That great princes are half-armed, when their subjects are 

 unarmed, unless it be in time of foreign wars. 



VII 



That the prince is richest, who is master of the purse ; and 

 he strongest that is master of the arms ; and he wisest that 

 can tell how to save the one, and use the other. 



VIII 



That great princes should be the only paymasters of their 

 soldiers, and pay them out of their own treasuries ; for all 

 men follow the purse ; and so they'll have both the civil and 

 martial power in their hands. 



IX 



That great monarchs should rather study men, than books ; 

 for all affairs or business are amongst men. 



x 



That a prince should advance foreign trade or traffic to the 

 utmost of his power, because no state or kingdom can be rich 

 without it ; and where subjects are poor, the sovereign can 

 have but little. 



XI 



That trade and traffic brings honey to the hive ; that is to 

 say, riches to the commonwealth ; whereas other professions 

 are so far from that, that they rather rob the commonwealth, 

 instead of enriching it. 



XII 



That it is not so much unseasonable weather that makes 

 the country complain of scarcity, but want of commerce ; 

 for whensoever commodities are cheap, it is a sign that com- 



