210 Appendix X 



have a quiet grave, since not worthy a famous memory, for to lie 

 entombed under the dust of an university will be honour enough 

 for me, and more than if I were worshipped by the vulgar as a 

 deity. Wherefore, if your wisdoms cannot give me the bays, let 

 your charity strew me with cypress ; and who knows but, after 

 my honourable burial, I may have a glorious resurrection in follow- 

 ing ages, since time brings strange and unusual things to pass — 

 I mean unusual to men, though not in nature. And I hope this 

 action of mine is not unnatural, though unusual for a woman to 

 present a book to the university, nor impudent, for it is honest, 

 although it seem vainglorious. But if it be, I am to be pardoned, 

 since there is little difference between man and beast, but what 

 ambition and glory makes. 



(Dedication by the Duchess of Philosophical and Physical Opinions, 

 1663.) 



X 



SIR CHARLES LUCAS 



Sir Charles was the youngest son of Thomas Lucas, of St. John's, 

 Colchester. The Duchess gives an account of his youth in her 

 autobiography. He served, like most young soldiers of his time, 

 in the wars of the Low Countries. In the second Scotch war he 

 commanded a troop of horse (Calendar of Domestic State Papers, 

 1640-1, 318). He was knighted 27 July 1639. From the beginning 

 of the Civil War he served in the King's army. He was wounded 

 at the battle of Powick Bridge, September 22, 1642 (Warburton's 

 Prince Rupert, i, 409). He served under Prince Rupert also at 

 the capture of Cirencester, February 2d, 1643, and a contemporary 

 account notices his mercy in taking prisoners (Bibliotheca Glonces- 

 trensis, 170). On July 1, 1643, with three troops of his own regi- 

 ment, he defeated Colonel Middleton with 400 horse and dragoons 

 at Padbury, taking 40 prisoners and killing above 100 of the enemy 

 (Mercnrius Aulicus). In the autumn of the same year he served 

 for some months in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire, and com- 

 manded in an attack on Nottingham on January 16, 1644. The 

 committee, describing the attack in a letter to Gilbert Millington, 

 say that he ' reports himself General of this county and Lincoln- 

 shire ' (Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson, vol. i, pp. 298, 388). Imme- 

 diately after this Lucas was ordered into Yorkshire. A remonstrance 

 of the committee of Newark complains that the recent capture 

 of Gainsborough and the Isle of Axholm ' have moved his Excel- 

 lency the Lord Marquis of Newcastle to engarrison Doncaster now 

 in fortifying, and to command Sir Charles Lucas with his own regi- 



