3io LANDSCAPE DESIGN 



for traffic should be arranged, doing as little damage to the landscape 

 as may be and crossing the park roads as few times as can be managed, 

 preferably passing under them so that the two types of traffic are entirely 

 separated. Rapid traveling by automobile, primarily for the pleasure 

 of smooth and fast motion, is not one of the recreations which can be 

 efficiently offered by a landscape park of any ordinary size. A park 

 may lie at one side of a pleasure boulevard for speed traffic and the 

 large views of the park may be enjoyed as far as this is possible by the 

 passing motorists ; but the intersection at grade of such a speedway 

 with the park roads is dangerous to the traffic on both roads, and the 

 noise and dust of the speedway and its suggestion of hurry and tension 

 are destructive of the sense of quiet of the park. The speed limit for 

 automobiles using the park roads themselves should be set so low that 

 foot passengers can cross the road without any great feeling of hurry 

 or danger. Such regulations will allow the park roads to be made 

 somewhat narrower and with somewhat sharper curves than they other- 

 wise might be, thus materially lessening their conspicuousness and the 

 damage which their necessary grading may do to the natural ground 

 surface. It is of course desirable in almost every park, from the point 

 of view of the service of the park to all the public, that some of the park 

 roads at least should be open to pleasure traffic by automobile, and these 

 roads should be so designed that this traffic under proper speed regu- 

 lations shall be pleasurable, that is, that the gradients shall be easy, 

 the turns ample and safe, and the views obtained from the road inter- 

 esting. On the other hand, the automobile owner has at his command, 

 and will have for many years to come, a great deal of rural beauty not 

 in parks which is inaccessible to the city-dwelling pedestrian. The 

 pleasure roads in parks, therefore, should not too much encroach on 

 the enjoyment of park scenery by the pedestrian, and if a choice must 

 be made between the two uses, it is usually fairer to the community as 

 a whole to make this choice in favor of the uninterrupted character 

 of the park itself, that is, in effect in favor of the pedestrian. While 

 the speedway has and must have the self-assertive unity of wide-swing- 

 ing curve and clean straight, the good park road at least in topog- 

 raphy that is at all uneven may be irregular in curvature, shrub- 

 grown at the edges, somewhat steeper in gradient, slightly rough and 



