APPENDIX 345 



Spoken words have perhaps their greatest use in modifying general Verbal 



ideas for the particular case, in amplifying and explaining to the client Directions and 



f . j j j j- i Explanations 



the meaning of written statements and drawings, and in directing the 



workmen on the ground. Spoken words have the advantage that they 

 enable us to modify and repeat our statements until they are under- 

 stood. They suit the exact moment, but they are not permanent. 

 If they can be remembered and legally proved by witnesses, verbal 

 promises are of course in many cases as binding as written contracts, 

 but the obvious difficulties in this regard make it best to reduce to 

 writing almost anything which is worth remembering exactly. 



In the ordinary practice of the landscape architect, for the complete Series of 



carrying out of a job a fairly definite series of drawings will be neces- **M**V or 

 & , , . , . ., , r i r a Landscape 



sary, and tor practical reasons the manner ox presentation of plans of 



the same kind will be more or less similar throughout the practice of 

 any one office. The first conception of the design may be presented 

 as a preliminary plan or as a perspective sketch, something intended 

 to be attractive in appearance and to convince the client of the excel- 

 lence and beauty of the scheme. When the ideas expressed in this 

 way have been modified and accepted in conference with the client, 

 there may follow a general plan setting forth the complete idea in its 

 general aspects more definitely, and perhaps a series of detail plans 

 showing certain portions of the design still more fully at a larger scale. 

 For use in construction there will probably be a grading plan based 

 upon the topographic map and showing what changes are intended to 

 be made in the surface of the ground, together with the location and 

 general form of such constructions as are planned, roads, walks, 

 walls, buildings, planting beds, and so on. Accompanying this repre- 

 sentation of the grading on plan, there will usually be profiles of the 

 roads, perhaps also of the paths, and cross-sections, showing more 

 accurately than the plan can do certain vertical relations of the pro- 

 posed design. Then there will be a planting plan, accompanied by plant- 

 ing lists, showing again the location and shapes of the planting beds and 

 the number and kind of plants which are to be used. In a design of 

 greater size, complication, and importance, there will be more grading 

 plans and planting plans, perhaps at larger scale, or accompanied by 

 detail plans for certain portions. 



