406 



LANDSCAPE DESIGN 



classification, 337; selected list of refer- 

 ences on, 361-81 



Landscape Architecture, quarterly, ref., 363 



Landscape character, defined, 22 ; interpre- 

 tation of, 31; illusions of, in composition, 

 121 ; relation of plant character to, 165-66 ; 

 buildings subordinate to, 189-90; park 

 buildings subordinate to, 316; relation to 

 making of roads and paths in the land- 

 scape park, 309 



Landscape characters, 62-75; emotional ef- 

 fect increased by designers of Romantic 

 landscape style, 46; development in mod- 

 ern American landscape style, 58-59; 

 physical origin, 62-63 '> as parallel to styles, 

 63-64; names, 64-65 ; 



examples, 64-70 : prairie, 64-65 ; barren 

 or tundra, 65-66; sand dunes, 66; Sequoia 

 grove, 66-67; Sierra mountain meadow, 

 67-68 ; bushy pasture, 68-69 > English 

 pastoral landscape, 69-70; 



design in, 70-72 ; in relation to economic 

 use and maintenance, 72-74; effects in, 

 84-85 ; roadside planting developed to 

 accord with, 223 ; character units in design 

 of the estate, 268-69 ; considered in choice 

 of site for estate, 273 ; 



character units available for the large 

 landscape park, 299-300; park use and, 

 301 ; best fitted to park uses, 301-5 ; 

 pastoral landscape, 301-2 ; wooded land- 

 scape, 302-3 ; rocks and ledges, 303 ; 

 brooks and ponds, 303-4; character units 

 separated by park roads, 311 



Landscape composition, 88-129; compared 

 with composition in painting, 88-89; 

 within the visual angle, 92; larger unity, 



92-93; 



characteristics of objects in, 98-129: 

 shape, 98-101 ; size, scale, and distance, 

 101-3; texture, 103-4; color, 104-11; 

 light and shade, 111-13; atmosphere and 

 atmospheric perspective, 113-16; illusions 

 in, 116-22; as exemplified in the garden, 

 239-46; 



landscape compositions, 122-29; objects 

 in, according to their design value, 128- 

 29; temporary elements, 129; hill and 

 mountain forms in, 132-33 ; differentia- 

 tion of design units by contrast of foliage 



color, 160; in the landscape park, 305; 



refs., 370-71 



Landscape construction, see Construction 

 Landscape design, theory, 6-23, refs., 368-70; 

 defined, 6; esthetic and economic aspects, 

 6-7; psychological basis of esthetic theory, 

 7-16; esthetic analysis in, 16; teaching of, 

 26; criticism in, 26-27; self-criticism in, 

 27; value of knowledge of natural forms 

 in, 130-31 ; use of office force in designing, 

 335-36; 



procedure in design, 338-53; methods 

 in designing, 340-42; sequential decisions 

 in, 340-41 ; imagination in, 341 ; 



representation of design, 342-51 : models, 

 342-43 ; pictures and plans, 343 ; written 

 statements, 343-44; verbal directions and 

 explanations, 345 

 Landscape designs, types, 231-323, refs., 376- 

 91 ; classified according to typical uses, 

 231-32 



Landscape effect, defined, 22-23 '> as a 

 criterion of style and character, 76; and 

 landscape composition, 93 



Landscape effects, 76-87; in Japanese styles, 

 55-56; of prairie, 64; of barren or tundra, 

 65; of Sierra mountain meadow, 68; 

 taste in, 76; variety of, 77; literary dis- ''] 

 cussions of, 77 ; 



examples, 77-82 : the " beautiful " and 

 the " picturesque," 77-79 ; sublimity, 79- 

 81 ; desolation, 81 ; melancholy, 81-82; ;;' 

 gayety, 82 ; mystery, 82-83 5 



effects from transitory conditions, 83 ; 

 harmony and contrast, 83-84; effects in 

 landscape characters, 84-85 ; effects in 

 styles, 85-86; design in effects, 86-87; 

 from hills and mountains, valleys, plains, 

 and bodies of water, 130-37; in the land- 

 scape park, Olmsted quotation, note, 299; 

 of park scenes, 305. See also Emotional 

 effects 



Landscape maintenance, see Maintenance 

 Landscape painters, as inspiration of land- 

 scape style, 45 



Landscape painting, ref., 371 

 Landscape parks, see Parks, Landscape 

 Landscape reservations, see Reservations, 



Landscape 

 " Landscape School," 46 



