THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



Fameust groupl 

 Fameuse (Snow), 

 Canada Baldwin, 

 Louise, Princess, 

 Mclntosh, 

 Scarlet Pippin, 

 Shiawassee. 



Alexander or A port group. 

 Alexander, 

 Wolf River, 



Grand Duke Constantine, 

 Bismark, 

 Various other Russian kinds. 



Wealthy group, 

 Wealthy, 

 Peter, 

 Also several Wealthy seedlings 



from Minnesota and adjoining 



states. 



Duchess of Oldenburg group. 

 Oldenburg, 

 Late Duchess, 

 Gladstone, 

 Pewaukee, 

 Milwaukee, 

 Various other Russian kinds. 



Groups of Russian Apples. During the last 75 years hundreds 

 of varieties of apples commonly classed as Russian have been 

 brought into the United States. These Russian types of apples 

 have now become established over wide areas in this country. 

 But little of value in the way of winter fruit has as yet been 

 derived from them, but some of the summer and fall kinds are 

 unquestionably desirable additions to the lists of hardy apples 

 for America. As early as 1832 Kenrick, in a select list of foreign 

 varieties which he considered worthy of trial in the United States, 

 includes "two highly celebrated Russian apples/' one the Duchess 

 of Oldenburg, the other Emperor Alexander or Alexander or 

 Aporta. 2 



In a list "deserving of trial in Nova Scotia and Canada" he also includes 

 the Astrachan or White Astrachan, the Borovitsky (Oldenburg) and the 

 Red Astrachan.3 It appears that about two years after this Alexander, 

 Tetofsky, Oldenburg and Red Astrachan were imported by the Massa- 

 chusetts Horticultural Society from the London (England) Horticultural 

 Society. 4 One of the best concise accounts of the introduction and 

 present status of these Russian apples is that given by Professor Craig 

 in the Cyclopedia of American Horticulture. 4 After observing that the 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture imported about 300 varieties from Russia 

 in 1870, he remarks that the Iowa Agricultural College made some im- 

 portations between 1875 and 1880 and following the trip of Prof. J. L. 

 Budd of that institution with Charles Gibb of Canada to Russia in 1882, 

 this college made further large importations of Russian apples and other 

 fruits. After calling attention to the fact that it is difficult to say which 



^See Waugh, Bull. 83 Vt. Sta., 1900. 



2 New Amer. Orch.: 61. 



3 New Amer. Orch.: 87. 



4 Craig, J., in Cyc. Am. Hort., Hi: 1404. 



