THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 59 



Prior to 1850 the Baldwin was but little known in New York state. After 

 that date, with the extension of the planting of commercial orchards, it came 

 rapidly into popularity and gained the supremacy among the commercial apples 

 of New York which it still holds. 



TREE. 



Tree large, very vigorous; branches large, strong. Form upright spread- 

 ing, eventually becoming rather round and somewhat dense. Twigs long, 

 straight, or somewhat crooked, moderately stout; internodes medium to 

 long. Bark dark brownish-red mingled with olive-green and faintly 

 marked with thin scarf-skin; somewhat pubescent. Lenticels numerous, 

 conspicuous, raised, usually oblong, sometimes large. Buds medium to 

 large, broad or roundish, acute, pubescent, free or nearly so. Leaves often 

 broad and large to very large; foliage rather dense. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit sometimes large to very large; usually above medium; pretty 

 uniform in size. Form roundish inclined to conic, varying to roundish 

 oblong; often faintly ribbed or somewhat irregular; symmetrical; fairly 

 uniform in shape. Stem usually medium, to long. Cavity acute, medium 

 to rather deep, rather broad, often somewhat furrowed, sometimes com- 

 pressed, sometimes lipped, often russeted, with outspreading rays of russet 

 or deep green. Calyx small to rather large; closed or somewhat open; 

 lobes long, acute to acuminate. Basin abrupt, narrow to moderately wide; 

 often distinctly furrowed; slightly corrugated. 



Skin tough, smooth, light yellow or greenish, blushed and mottled with 

 bright red, indistinctly striped with deep carmine. Flecks of russet, or even 

 broken russet lines, may occasionally be seen on the base of the fruit. Dots 

 gray or whitish, depressed, small and numerous toward the basin, more scatter- 

 ing, conspicuous, large, irregular, or elongated towards the cavity. Prevailing 

 effect is bright red. 



Calyx' tube conical, rather short and wide with projection of fleshy pistil 

 point into its base. Stamens basal. 



Core medium or below, nearly axile, closed or partly open; core lines 

 meeting. Carpels roundish ovate, emarginate, somewhat tufted. Seeds 

 variable, often abortive; when normally developed they are large, long, 

 acute, and dark brown. 



Flesh yellowish, firm, moderately coarse, crisp, rather tender, juicy to 

 very juicy, agreeably subacid, sprightly, somewhat aromatic, good to very 

 good. 



Season November to March or April in common storage; to May or 

 later in cold storage. 1 



Uses. Well adapted for general market, dessert and culinary uses. 



OTHER BALDWIN TYPES. 



Besides the general type of the Baldwin apple above described, mention 

 siiould be made of the following: 



Russet Baldwins. Cases have been reported where the Baldwin has 

 sported and developed fruit with russet skin. Since these apples appear 



a Ueach and Clark. N. Y. Sta. Bui. 248 :i 11-112. 1904. 



