THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 87 



Fruit excellent in quality, desirable in size, and of good appear- 

 ance for a russet apple, but not sufficiently productive here to make 

 it profitable for commercial planting. 



Historical. An English variety introduced by Mr. William Brownlees, a 

 nurseryman at Hemel, Hempsted, Herts, about the year 1848 (3). It appears 

 on the lists of some nurserymen but is but little known in New York and is 

 not being planted here to any considerable extent. 



TREE. 



Tree vigorous, moderately productive. Form upright. Twigs numerous, 

 rather short or sometimes long, generally slender, straight or slightly curved 

 at base ; internodes long. Bark smooth, cle.ar reddish-brown somewhat shaded 

 with olive-green and dull brownish-red, often overlaid with heavy scarf-skin ; 

 quite pubescent. Lenticels inconspicuous, not raised, moderately numerous, 

 of medium size or small, roundish or elongated. Buds medium, more or less 

 projecting, obtuse, somewhat pubescent. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium to large ; fairly uniform in size, rather variable in shape. 

 Form oblate, often oblique, sometimes ribbed, irregular often bulging or with 

 sides compressed, flattened at the base, rounded toward the basin. Stem 

 usually short and thick, often swollen. Cavity large, variable in form, usually 

 acute, deep, broad, furrowed, sometimes compressed or lipped. Calyx small, 

 closed. Basin usually rather small, shallow, abrupt to obtuse, often some- 

 what furrowed and finely wrinkled. 



Skin rather tender, entirely covered with russet or sometimes with patches 

 of smooth yellow. Dots often conspicuous, scattering, pale gray or whitish. 



Calyx tube small, varying from funnel-shape to conical. Stamens median 

 to marginal. 



Core nearly axile ; cells symmetrical, closed or slightly open ; core lines 

 clasping. Carpels rather flat, rather pointed ovate, broad and almost trun- 

 cate at the base, mucronate, somewhat tufted. 



Seeds often abortive, rather dark reddish-brown, rather small to above 

 medium, narrow to rather wide, plump, acute to acuminate, somewhat tufted. 



Flesh more or less tinged with yellow, moderately firm, fine, moderately 

 crisp, juicy, sprightly, with a rich subacid aromatic flavor which is found only 

 in some russet apples, very good quality. 



Season October to January or later (3, 5). 



BROWN SWEET. 



Known locally in Oswego county. The following statement concerning it 

 is furnished by D. D. Stone of Oswego: "Tree healthy, and a good but not 

 a rampant grower. In alternate years it bears heavily, yielding smooth fruit 

 of large size which is excellent for baking or boiling. It withers or shrivels 

 quickly in a dry cellar." 



FRUIT. 



Fruit large. Form ovate to oblong conic, often narrowing sharply towards 

 the apex, more or less ribbed and irregular. Stem medium. Cavity medium 

 to large, acute to acuminate, usually deep and somewhat russeted. Calyx 



