THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 195 



This variety was formerly much grown on Long Island and in 

 Westchester county, where it was considered profitable and particu- 

 larly valued for cider (i, 8). It is now nearly obsolete. Coxe 

 describes it as " Small, * * * rather oblong, diminishing towards 

 the crown, which is very hollow ; the stalk is a full inch in length, 

 planted very deep the flesh is dry and sweet ; makes a very sweet, 

 sirupy cider, which when fined is much admired the skin is a yellow 

 russet, clouded with black spots this apple keeps well." Elliott 

 gives its season as December to March (3). Downing (5) gives 

 the season as October to February. " Flesh yellowish, tough, rather 

 dry, almost sweet/' Warder (4) classes it with the subacid apples. 

 Hicks (8) says " it is a long keeper, sometimes keeping till apples 

 come again." Its general appearance is attractive for a russet. 



(H) LONG ISLAND RUSSET. 



From various parts of Long Island and from one locality in 

 Michigan we have received under the name Long Island Russet the 

 variety which is described below and illustrated in the accompanying 

 color plate. This fruit has also come to us from the Hudson valley. 

 It is evident that it does not correspond with the description by 

 Coxe cited above. We have been unable to identify it with any 

 named variety. So far as we can learn this variety is no longer 

 being planted and is fast becoming obsolete, being represented now 



only by old trees. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium to small, sometimes nearly large. Form roundish to some- 

 what oblong, narrowing toward the basin, sometimes approaching truncate 

 cylindrical, often with an oblique axis, irregular ; not very uniform in size 

 and shape. Stem short to medium, moderately slender. Cavity large, acute, 

 usually deep, broad, green or russeted, sometimes furrowed. Calyx closed or 

 partly open ; lobes rather narrow, acute. Basin often oblique, of medium 

 depth, rather narrow to moderately wide, rather abrupt, a little furrowed and 

 wrinkled. 



Skin tough, more or less covered with golden russet but usually with some 

 patches of smooth bright yellow or green, irregularly marked with indistinct 

 grayish scarf-skin. Dots inconspicuous, scattering, gray or russet. Prevail- 

 ing effect is usually golden russet. 



Calyx tube conical to funnel-shape, with a wide limb and narrow cylinder. 

 Stamens basal to nearly median. 



Core rather small, sometimes medium, abaxile or sometimes axile; cells 

 often unsymmetrical, closed or open; core lines meeting or somewhat clasp- 



