270 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



russeted skin, becoming yellow and ruddy ; in one part of the state of Indiana, 

 on limestone, it is gibbous, round, often very large, and covered with a rich 

 cinnamon russet, while on the coal measures, west of the center of the state, it 

 is smaller, regular, and distinctly striped deep red on red, with very little 

 russet. Specimens from Rochester, New York, have been shown with scarcely 

 a trace of russet, and having the stripes as distinct and almost as beautiful 

 as those of a Dutchess of Oldenburgh, so that no southern or western man 

 would have recognized it for his home favorite. The distinctive leather- 

 cracking about the eye was present, however, in all." 



TREE. 



The tree as described by Byram (3), Warder (15), Downing (10, 23), 

 Rice (4), and others attains large size and is productive when old, requiring 

 a deep, rich soil and a warm season or southern climate for its proper develop- 

 ment. Form upright, somewhat spreading, twiggy ; branches sometimes form 

 peculiarly acute angles. Tivigs slender, clear reddish-brown with some olive- 

 green. Lenticels large, conspicuous, gray. Foliage scattering, folded, grayish- 

 green, subject to leaf-blight. 



FRUIT. 



The following description of the fruit is taken from Byram (3), Elliott 

 (9), Downing (10), Hooper (n), and Warder (15). 



Fruit medium to large. Form variable but usually roundish oblate; axis 

 often oblique and sides unequal. Stem short, thick to moderately thick. 

 Cavity small, acute to acuminate, often lipped, russeted and with some out- 

 spreading brownish-russet. Caly.v small, closed. Basin small, shallow, 

 regular. 



Skin thick, greenish to brownish-yellow r tinged with dull red, rather indis- 

 tinctly striped with dark crimson, slightly russeted. Dots numerous, large, 

 gray or greenish. 



Core closed; core lines meeting. Seeds numerous, angular, acute. 



Flesh yellowish-white, tender, fine-grained, juicy to rather dry, subacid, very 

 good to best. 



Season December to March. 



RALLS. 



REFERENCES, i. Cat. Hort. Soc. London, 1831:22. 2. Kenrick, 1832:59. 3. 

 Mag. Hort., 1:149. 1835. 4. Hovey, Ib., 10:207. 1844. 5. Byram, Horticul- 

 turist, 2:19. 1847. fig. 6. Springer, Ib., 2:147. 1847. 7. Ib., 2:291, 388, 483. 

 1847. 8. Mallinckrott, Ib., 3:369. 1848. 9. Phoenix, Ib., 4:470. 1849. 10. 

 Cole, 1849:136. fig. ii. Thomas, 1849:170. 12. Emmons, Nat. Hist. N. Y., 

 3:63. 1851. 13. Elliott, 1854:100. fig. 14. Downing, 1857:99. 15. Hooper, 

 I 85775- 16. Mag. Hort., 26:102. 1860. 17. Ib., 27:101. 1861. 18. Ib., 27: 

 262. 1861. 19. Am. Pom. Sac. Cat., 1862. 20. Mag. Hort., 30:162. 1864. 21. 

 Warder, 1867:517. fig. 22. Downing, 1869:321. fig. 23. Howsley, Am. Pom. 

 Soc. Rpt., 1871:74. 24. Fitz, 1872:141, 143, 147, 149, 156, 165, 175, 177. 25. 

 Leroy, 1873:713. 26. Downing, 1881:11 index, app. 27. Barry, 1883:353. 28. 

 Wickson, 1889:248. 29. Lyon, Mich. Hort. Soc. Rt>t., 1890:296. 30. Bailey, 

 An. Hort., 1892:242. 31. Ib., 1892:247. 32. Mathews, Ky. Sta. Bui, 5 o: 32. 



