292 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



TREE. 



Tree not a very strong grower in the nursery but in the orchard it is rather 

 vigorous and attains good medium size. Form at first upright but later it is 

 roundish to somewhat spreading and drooping, with rather slender lateral 

 branches. Twigs moderately stout, sometimes slender, moderately long; inter- 

 nodes short. Bark mottled brownish-red and green, rather bright. Lenticels 

 medium to large, scattering, conspicuous, round to oblong, raised. Buds 

 deeply set in bark, very short, broad, obtuse, appressed. Leaves rather long; 

 foliage not particularly robust. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium to very large, usually averaging above medium, pretty uni- 

 form in size and shape. Form roundish to roundish conic or slightly oblong, 

 regular or faintly ribbed, usually symmetrical but sometimes with sides un- 

 equal. Stem characteristically long, slender, and often oblique. Cavity 

 medium to rather large, characteristically obtuse and smooth, moderately 

 shallow to rather deep, wide, sometimes compressed or lipped, often gently 

 furrowed, green or red, never russeted. Calyx rather small to medium, closed 

 or somewhat open ; lobes usually converging above but slightly separated 

 toward the base. Basin small to medium, shallow to moderately deep, narrow 

 to medium in width, sometimes abrupt, usually a little furrowed or wrinkled. 



Skin thick, tough, smooth, yellow or greenish, more or less mottled with 

 bright red which in highly colored specimens deepens to almost solid red on 

 the exposed cheek, striped with bright carmine. Dots rather numerous, 

 whitish or brown, small. Prevailing effect red or red mingled with yellow. 



Calyx tube cone-shape or approaching short truncate funnel-form, often 

 with fleshy pistil point projecting into the base. Stamens marginal to median. 



Core medium to large, abaxile ; cells sometimes unsymmetrical, open; core 

 lines meeting or slightly clasping. Carpels roundish to ovate, narrowing both 

 toward base and apex, sometimes obtusely emarginate, mucronate. Seeds 

 numerous, medium in size, plump, acute to somewhat obtuse, slightly tufted, 

 light and dark brown. 



Flesh nearly white with slight tinge of yellow or green, firm, moderately 

 fine-grained to a little coarse, rather crisp, juicy, slightly aromatic, agreeable 

 mild subacid, commonly good but not high in quality. 



Season November to April or May. 



ROSEAU. 



REFERENCES, i. North American Pomological Convention, 1849. (cited by 

 6). 2. Downing, 1869:340. 3. Plumb, Can. Hort., 18:184, 1895. 4. Waugh, 

 Rural N. ., 62:141, 143, 282. 1903. figs, under name Canada Red. 5. Rural 

 N. Y., 62:238. 1903. 6. Ragan, U. S. B. P. I. Bui., 56:267. 1905. 



SYNONYMS. BALTIMORE (3). CANADA RED (5). Canada Red of Ontario, 

 not RED CANADA of Western New York (4). FLUSHING SPITZENBURG (3). 

 French Spitzenburg of Vermont (4). Pomme de Per of Quebec (4). Red 

 Canada of Ontario, not RED CANADA of Western New York (3). ROSSEAU 

 (6). Winesap of Vermont (4). 



A variety is known in portions of Ontario under the name of Red Canada 

 or Canada Red which is said to be quite different from the Red Canada of 



