THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 305 



depth to sometimes deep, moderately wide to wide, rather abrupt to very 

 abrupt, usually wrinkled and furrowed. 



Skin moderately thick, tough, waxy, smooth, pale greenish-yellow becoming 

 nearly clear yellow, washed with red, mottled and striped with carmine. Dots 

 inconspicuous, small, numerous, sometimes submerged, sometimes russet. 



Calyx tube varies from short to long and from cone-shape to funnel-form, 

 often with a fleshy pistil point projecting into the base. Stamens median to 

 basal. 



Core usually axile, above medium to rather small ; cells usually symmetrical, 

 closed or sometimes open ; core lines meeting or clasping. Carpels pointed 

 ovate, emarginate. Seeds numerous, medium or above, moderately wide, 

 plump, acute or nearly so. 



Flesh slightly tinged with yellow, firm, moderately coarse, crisp, moderately 

 tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. 



Season November to April. 



(I) SHANNON. 



REFERENCES, i. Downing, 1881:104 app. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1885:25. 

 3. Van Deman, U. S. Pom. Rpt., 1886:269. fig. 4. Babcock, Rural N. Y., 49: 

 873. 1890. figs. 5. McNeil, Ark. Sta. Rpt., 1890:33. 6. Bailey, An. Hort., 

 1892:249. 7. Clayton, Ala. Sta. Bui., 47:7. 1893. 8. Stinson, Ark. Sta. Bui, 

 43:104. 1896. 9. Ib., 60:133. 1899. 10. Dickens and Greene, Kan. Sta. Bui., 

 106:55. 1902. 



SYNONYM. SHANNON PIPPIN (i, 7). 



Fruit large, yellow, smooth, pretty uniform, rather attractive in appearance 

 and very good in quality ; suitable for either home use or market. So far 

 as tested here it is not sufficiently productive to be valuable in this region. 



Historical. The history of the Shannon is rather obscure. For some time 

 it was supposed by leading pomologists that Shannon, was an Arkansas name 

 given to the Ohio Pippin. 1 ' 2 Later investigators however have been led to 

 question the correctness of this view (i, 3, 9) and the bulk of the evidence 

 now seems to indicate that the Shannon is an Arkansas seedling closely 

 resembling the Ohio Pippin yet with sufficient difference to distinguish the 

 varieties. As fruited at this Station the tree of Ohio Pippin is slightly less 

 vigorous than that of Shannon. The fruit averages smaller, is usually some- 

 what conic, the seeds are more numerous, the flavor is milder and the season 

 is decidedly earlier than that of Shannon. Shannon is said to have originated 

 near Boonsbonx Washington county, Ark. (9). It has been but little dis- 

 seminated in New York. 



TREE. 



Tree vigorous with long and rather stout branches. Form rather open, 

 spreading. Twigs medium to long, moderately stout, crooked to nearly 

 straight, quite pubescent; internodes moderately short to very short. Bark 

 reddish-brown, mottled with thin scarf-skin. Lenticels numerous, inconspicu- 

 ous, very small, roundish or sometimes elongated. Buds medium to large, 

 roundish, plump, somewhat acute to rather obtuse, appressed, pubescent. 



a Warder, 1867:484, 731. 

 2 Downing, 1869 : 292. 



