376 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



in appearance, being quite uniform in shape and size and of good 

 dark red color. As grown at this Station it is in season from 

 January to June with April as the ordinary commercial limit (47). 

 When grown farther south its season extends to February in ordi- 

 nary storage and to April in cold storage. It is a good shipper and 

 stands heat well before going into storage, but late in the season it 

 often scalds, particularly when not well colored. 



Historical. Nothing definite is known of the origin of Winesap. Coxe 

 speaks of it as being " the most favored cider fruit in West Jersey." From 

 this fact many writers have referred to West Jersey as the region of its origin 

 or probable origin but such statements seem hardly warranted by the evidence. 



TREE. 



Tree medium size, vigorous. Form roundish spreading, rather straggling 

 and open. Tzvigs rather stout, rather short to above medium; internodes 

 short. Bark very dark reddish-brown with thin gray scarf-skin, somewhat 

 pubescent. Lenticels especially clustered just below the nodes, conspicuous, 

 round or elongated, variable in size but usually above medium. Buds large 

 to medium, broad, usually rather obtuse but sometimes acute, free or nearly 

 so. Foliage thin ; leaves usually not large, narrow. 



FRUIT. ' 



Fruit as grown in New York averages even smaller than that which is grown 

 farther south. It is pretty uniform in size and shape. Form usually conical, 

 sometimes roundish, nearly truncate at base, nearly regular or obscurely 

 ribbed, symmetrical. Stem medium to short, rather slender. Cavity medium 

 to rather small, acute to acuminate, narrow to rather broad, deep, symmetrical 

 or somewhat furrowed, often more or less lipped, often russeted or with out- 

 spreading russet rays. Calyx medium to large, closed; lobes long, narrow, 

 acuminate. Basin rather small to medium, often oblique, shallow to rather 

 deep and abrupt, narrow to moderately wide, distinctly furrowed, somewhat 

 wrinkled. 



Skin medium in thickness, tough, smooth, glossy, bright deep red indistinctly 

 striped and blotched with very dark purplish-red over a distinctly yellow 

 ground color or green if not fully mature, overspread with faint bloom. Dots 

 rather small, scattering, whitish, sometimes in conspicuous contrast with the 

 deep red skin especially toward the cavity. Prevailing effect bright deep red. 



Calyx tube quite variable, conical or funnel-shape. Stamens marginal. 



Core medium to small, abaxile with a hollow cylinder in the axis, narrow- 

 ing toward the apex; cells pretty uniformly developed, symmetrical, open or 

 nearly closed ; core lines clasping. Carpels broadly roundish, much concave, 

 but slightly emarginate if at all, mucronate. Seeds below medium to above, 

 wide, plump, obtuse. 



Flesh tinged with yellow, veins sometimes red, very firm, rather coarse, 

 moderately crisp, very juicy, sprightly subacid, good to very good, 



