THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 85 



Hansen, 1903:93. fig. 42. Bruner, N. C. Sta. Bui., 182:20. 1903. 43. 

 Powell and Fulton, U. S. B. P. I. Bui., 48:43. 1903. 44. Beach and Clark, 

 N. Y. Sta. Bui., 248:122. 1904. 



SYNONYMS. Blumcn-C alvill (31). Cak'illc de Gravenstein (31). Calville 

 Grafensteiner (23, 31). Diel's Somnierhonig (31). Early Congress (25). 

 Grafen-Apfel (31). Grafensteiner (15, 23, 31). Grave Slige (23). Grave 

 Slije (8, 15, 17, 31). GRAVENSTEIN (i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, n, 12, 13, 14, 

 15, 16, 17, i3, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 

 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 4-j ). Gra-'enstcin (31). GRAVENSTEINER (31). Graven- 

 sterner (23). Gravenstine (31). Ohio Nonpareil (17, 23, 31). Paradies 

 Apfel (31). Pomme Gracfenstein (31). Prinsessin-Apfel (31). ^i/>/> ^/?/r/ 

 (31). Sabine (31). Sabine of the Flemings (15, 23). Strohmcr (31). 

 Stromling (31). Tom Harryman (31). 



Gravenstein is an apple of good size, attractive appearance and 

 excellent quality. For culinary purposes it is perhaps unexcelled 

 by any variety of its season. It often sells at comparatively high 

 prices. In many sections of the state the tree is regarded as not 

 quite hardy, being somewhat subject to snnscald and canker. It 

 comes into bearing moderately early, is quite productive and a 

 pretty reliable cropper. The crop ripens continuously during a 

 period of several weeks and should have two or three pickings. 

 Beginning in the latter half of September it continues in season till 

 early November. When properly handled a considerable portion 

 of the fruit may remain apparently sound much later than this but 

 the color fades and the quality and flavor deteriorate. As com- 

 pared with other varieties of its class it stands up well in good 

 dry cold storage (44). There is apt to be considerable loss from 

 the dropping of the fruit before it is properly colored and there 

 is also a rather high percentage of low grade or unmarketable 

 fruit. In spite of these serious faults its cultivation in commer- 

 cial orchards is gradually increasing in some sections of the state, 

 particularly in portions of the Hudson valley where fruit growers 

 find it a desirable apple for both domestic and foreign markets. 



Historical. The following excellent account of the history of this variety 

 was given by Hovey in 1851 (15). "The origin of the Gravenstein remains 

 in some doubt. It is said to have been originally found in the Duke of 

 Augustinberg's garden at Gravenstein, in Holstein, and that the original tree 

 was growing there in the middle of the last century; another statement is, 

 that it derived its name from being found in the garden of the castle of 

 Grafenstein, in Sleswick ; and Diel says, that it was supposed by some to 



