144 THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 



is its safe commercial limit, but in cold storage it may be held till 

 March or later (31). The tree is below medium size and but a 

 moderate grower. In many localities it is rather tender and liable 

 to scald or canker on the trunk and larger branches. On this 

 account it is desirable to topwork it upon Northern Spy or some 

 other hardy, vigorous stock. It does not come into bearing very 

 young and commonly is a biennial cropper yielding moderate to 

 good crops. It cannot be recommended for general commercial 

 planting but it is desirable for the home orchard. 



Historical. Thomas described it in 1848 as " a new, handsome late autumn 

 and early winter apple, of the highest quality," and stated that it originated 

 at Bolton, Worcester county, Mass. (2). It is still listed by some nursery- 

 men (22) but it is nowhere being extensively planted. It is but seldom found 

 in cultivation in New York. 



TREE. 



Tree below medium size, moderately vigorous or a rather slow grower. 

 Form upright spreading to roundish, rather open. Twigs long, curved, mod- 

 erately stout; internodes long. Bark brown, mingled with olive-green, lightly 

 mottled with scarf-skin; slightly pubescent near tips. Lenticels numerous, 

 rather conspicuous, medium size, oval, raised. Buds rather prominent, 

 medium size, broad, plump, obtuse, free, pubescent. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit below medium to above, sometimes large, pretty uniform in size and 

 shape. Form- roundish or roundish conic to oblong ovate, obscurely and 

 broadly ribbed. Stem long to medium, moderately slender to rather thick. 

 Cavity acute or approaching acuminate, rather shallow to moderately deep, 

 rather narrow to moderately broad, often russeted, sometimes furrowed or 

 compressed or lipped. Calyx small, closed or nearly so ; lobes medium, 

 narrow, acute. Basin shallow, narrow, a little abrupt, somewhat furrowed 

 and wrinkled. 



Skin thin, smooth, golden yellow nearly covered with bright deep red, 

 marbled and striped with carmine. Dots rather small, inconspicuous, yellow- 

 ish or pale and submerged. 



Calyx tube rather long, funnel-form with wide limb and narrow cylinder. 

 Stamens marginal. 



Core medium to rather small, abaxile ; cells nearly symmetrical, open or 

 partly open ; core lines clasping. Carpels broadly ovate to roundish, 

 emarginate, mucronate. Seeds rather dark, medium or below, plump, acute 

 to acuminate. 



Flesh fine, tender, juicy, very mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best in 

 flavor and quality. 



Season late September to January; it is in its prime in November. 



