THE APPLES OF NEW YORK. 169 



and Ready' from the fact of its being first tested during that campaign. 



* * * Messrs. Downing, Barry and Thomas think it a new variety. 



* * * It is but little known as yet but where it is its qualities are much 

 esteemed " ( i ) . The following year Mr. A. Fahnstock, a nurseryman of 

 Syracuse, showed that this variety had been disseminated in Ontario and 

 Monroe counties as well as in Onondaga county and that it was generally 

 known by the name of Primate. Recently John T. Roberts of Syracuse has 

 taken the trouble to look up the history of this variety and is convinced that the 

 original seedling tree grew in the town of Camillus, Onondaga county, and 

 through his efforts a bronze tablet has been erected to mark the spot. The 

 tablet bears the following inscription : " On this farm Calvin D. Bingham 

 about 1840 produced the marvelous Primate apple, named by Charles P. 

 Cowles. God's earth is full of love to man" (27). In 1854 it was listed 

 by the American Pomological Society (3) as a valuable variety. It is listed 

 by various nurserymen in the region from the Atlantic to the Middle West 

 but apparently is but little known either in the Southwest or the North- 

 west (22). 



TREE. 



Tree below medium to rather large, usually moderately vigorous. Form 

 upright spreading to roundish, rather dense. Twigs short, straight, stout 

 with large terminal buds; internocles short. Bark dull brown mingled with 

 green, heavily streaked with scarf-skin, pubescent and rather rough. Lenti- 

 cels scattering, medium size, oblong, raised. Buds prominent, large, broad, 

 plump, acute, pubescent. 



FRUIT. 



Fruit medium or above, sometimes large. Form roundish conic to oblate 

 conic, often distinctly ribbed. Stem short to medium, thick. Cavity acute, 

 deep, broad, distinctly furrowed. Calyx medium size, closed; lobes long, 

 narrow. Basin moderately shallow to rather deep, medium in width to 

 rather narrow, abrupt, furrowed and wrinkled. 



Skin thin, moderately tender, smooth, light green, often changing to whit- 

 ish, sometimes with faint yellowish tinge, often slightly blushed but not 

 striped. Dots scattering, numerous, rather small, submerged or russet. 



Calyx tube rather large, rather long, broadly conical to somewhat funnel- 

 shape. Stamens median. Core medium to large, nearly axile to somewhat 

 abaxile with hollow cylinder in the axis ; cells symmetrical, open ; core lines 

 clasping. Carpels cordate. Seeds medium to rather large, moderately wide, 

 plump, acute. 



Flesh whitish, fine, crisp, very tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, sprightly, 

 very good to best. 



Season August and September. 



PROLIFIC SWEETING. 



REFERENCES, i. Webster, Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1881 154. 2. Gibb, la. 

 Hort. Soc. Rpt., 1883:439- 3- Ib., Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt., 1887:46. 4. Van 

 Deman, U. S. Pom. Rpt., 1888:571. fig. 5. Hoskins, Rural N. Y., 47:646. 

 1888. 6. N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 7:91. 1888. 7. Bailey, An. Hort., 1892:247. 

 8. Beach, N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt., 14:254. 1895. 9. Munson, Me. Sta. Rpt., 



