CELLULAR STRUCTURE 131 



thickness, but often much less, generally 

 growing to a great length, climbing over and 

 amongst the branches of trees. The stem 

 has long internodes, the leaves being situated 

 at some distance from one another. Some- 

 times in Ceylon and the Malay Islands the 

 cane attains to the length of 300 feet. They 

 fling, so to speak, their long shoots on the 

 jungle and on the branches of trees, and 

 hang there by means of their hooks. 



The illustration (Fig. 38) is taken from a 

 photo-micrograph o* 30 diameters ; focal 

 distance, 30 inches ; the 1-inch objective was 

 used. 



The section shows the reed-like structure 

 of the palm Calamus rotang an example 

 of an endogenous stem without medullary 

 rays. 



Commencing at the outside, the outer 

 hard, dense part consists of closely-packed 

 epidermal cells. Next to this are vascular 

 bundles right round within the margin ; the 

 smallest cells which predominate throughout 

 the section are simply cellular tissue ; the 



