2io PERSONALITY IN BIRDS 



PERSONALITY IN BIRDS 



Personality, as understood in connection with 

 human beings, is two-faced ; on the one side it is 

 that Unifying Something within each of us that by 

 the exercise of memory claims our past experiences 

 as its own ; on the other it is that expression of 

 ourselves by word and deed by which others may 

 come to know what manner of person it is that 

 speaks and acts. Had not we the power to recall 

 our past experiences, each of them would remain 

 isolated, without rational connection, and, therefore, 

 without meaning. Still, though unremembered, it 

 would not go unrecorded. That buried experience 

 would, upon the occurrence of a similar one, rise 

 again in mental association with it, emotions similar 

 to those formerly aroused would be again set up, 

 and we should be impelled to instinctive action. 

 Again, had not we the power of intelligible 

 speech, each of us would remain isolated among 

 his fellows, without rational connection, unable to 

 convey his meaning to them. Yet even in such 

 a case, that association of ideas which before 

 supplied in part the defect of memory, would 

 now serve to remedy in some measure the lack of 

 speech. I have elsewhere (" The Ploughing of the 

 Marsh ") referred to the influence of a number of 



