THE CONDUCT OF INDUSTRIES 319 



ing, the race of citizens will improve. The improvement and 

 extension of higher education is an important element of this 

 progress. No stream can rise higher than its source. The 

 loftiest source of learning, culture, and intellectual, if not of 

 moral, progress is the university and its body of learned in- 

 vestigators, and the college with its great faculty of presum- 

 ably wise men. These institutions are the ultimate sources 

 of all contemporary learning and culture, wisdom, and real 

 knowledge. With their advancement and with their progress 

 in character, learning, and effectiveness in work goes the 

 progress of a nation. 



Legal remedies for industrial disorders are to be found 

 in an intelligent and well digested system of legislation which 

 shall, first of all, insure the maintenance of the law by its offi- 

 cial representatives and their staffs and the preservation of 

 the peace by every needed power of the individual officer, his 

 staff, the municipality, the state, the nation if need be. The 

 code should, further, insure to every citizen, without regard 

 to age, sex, color, creed, or vocation, absolute freedom of 

 action within the range of the moral law. Freedom and in- 

 dependence are the rightful heritage of every individual citi- 

 zen, and freedom to engage in the pursuit of any innocent 

 form of life, liberty and happiness should be maintained by the 

 individual, at the risk of life, if need be, and guaranteed by the 

 state at all hazards. 



Life is worthless and governments are failures if the citi- 

 zen is to be dominated by other powers than those of good 

 laws, established and faithfully administered by the freely 

 chosen representatives of the people. No individual and no 

 class can be safely permitted, for an instant, to assert its right 

 to rule over another, much less to attempt to establish that 

 rule. The bad legislator should be condemned as a traitor, 

 and, as such, punished in such manner that no one will be in- 

 clined to follow his dangerous example; the bad citizen, 

 whether acting as an individual or with a class or a club or 

 with a party, whether an executive of the law or a private 

 citizen, should be given the same judgment and the same 

 treatment. The individual seeking his own personal advan- 

 tage at the sacrifice of the interests of his fellows, of the city, 



