IRON ORES 69 



lake, others are close to the Adirondack mountains, and some 

 are on the western side of the range. Prominent among the 

 titaniferous ore deposits are the Split Rock mine, on Lake 

 Champlain, and the Adirondack Village mine, close to the 

 main Adirondack range. These titaniferous ores were utilized 

 in former years by the Catalan or direct process, in which the 

 ore was converted into metal by charcoal in open hearths. 



The Port Henry mines, located at Mineville, near Lake 

 Champlain, in Essex county, have long been famous as a 

 source of iron ore supply; it is claimed that the first ore was 

 taken out in 1804. The ore is a dense magnetite. It is esti- 

 mated that there are in the pillai-s of this mine and of the 

 mines adjoining, at least 800,000 tons of ore. The deposit is 

 very large, having a thickness in some places of 400 feet. 

 The ore bodies are divided into two parts by a horse of rock, 

 and at the lower depth diamond drillings have indicated the 

 existence of two underlying veins of ore high in iron and 

 phosphorus and low in silica. The ore which is sold in the 

 market is high in iron, but also contains phosphorus in the 

 form of apatite, making it all of non-Bessemer quality. 



New York is one of the few states where, in addition to 

 the magnetites, the three other varieties of iron ore are found. 

 Red hematite is mined from the north central portion of the 

 state, in Jefferson, CUnton, and Oneida counties; brown 

 hematites are won in the southern portion, east of the Hudson 

 river, in Dutchess and Columbia counties, and in the same 

 district carbonate ore has been found to a considerable extent, 

 and a large plant for roasting these ores has been constructed 

 near Catskill Landing. 



Some of the brown hematite mines along the Harlem 

 railroad have been worked for many years, and have been, 

 and are still, the main reliance of the charcoal iron industry 

 along the Connecticut and New York boundary. This same 

 class of ores extends into Litchfield county. Conn., and Berk- 

 shire county, Mass., the district being generally recognized as 

 the Salisbury region. The rapid denudation of available tim- 

 ber, and the necessity of operating small blast furnace plants 

 producing a special grade of pig iron, has reduced the number 

 of furnaces, so that now only a few are making iron with 



