72 JOHN BIRKINBINE 



ginia and in western North Carolina there are large bodies of 

 magnetites. Titaniferous magnetites and brown hematites 

 occur in central North Carolina and extend into South Caro- 

 lina, Georgia, Tennessee, and Alabama. 



The Appalachian mountain chain is bordered by iron ore 

 deposits from northern New York through New Jersey, Penn- 

 sylvania, Maryland, the Virginias, North Carolina, Tennessee, 

 Georgia, and Alabama. These deposits are mostly mag- 

 netites and brown hematites, the latter generally showing in 

 the valleys, the former often in foothills or on the slopes of the 

 mountains. Some red hematites are also found on the moun- 

 tain slopes. Nearly paralleling the Appalachian range, and 

 occupying positions in the foothills of the Allegheny moun- 

 tains, are deposits of brown hematite, also of carbonates. 

 The carbonates are more abundant in the coal bearing regions, 

 and occur on both flanks of the Allegheny mountains. 



Still farther west carbonate ores and some brown hem- 

 atites are found in the coal measures of western Pennsylvania, 

 West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, and eastern Tennessee; red 

 and brown hematite are abundant in Kentucky and Tennessee. 



The ores obtained from Ohio and from the portion of 

 Kentucky adjacent to the Ohio river are either carbonates or 

 hematites, resulting from the weathering of carbonates; these 

 have sustained a considerable iron industry for many years 

 in southern Ohio and in Kentucky, in a locality known as the 

 Hanging Rock region, with Ironton, Ohio, and Ashland, Ky., 

 as business centers. 



There are also in Kentucky excellent deposits of limonite, 

 and these extend into Tennessee, some quite important mines 

 existing in the central and western portions of the state. 

 There are also carbonates in the southwestern section which 

 extend into Mississippi. Carbonate ore also exists in northern 

 Florida. 



The liberal exploitation of the iron ores in the Lake 

 Superior region has directed attention to deposits in adjacent 

 states. In central Wisconsin brown hematite exists in pockets 

 or lenses. In southern Wisconsin there is a unique deposit 

 of high phosphorus red hematite ore, which, owing to its 

 physical structure, is known as flaxseed ore, and an appar- 



