COAL 185 



18,000,000 tons a year. During the ten years from 1893 to 

 1902, inclusive, the average annual production lias amounted 

 to a little over 55,000,000 short tons. 



The anthracite areas of Pennsylvania are included in 

 the 9 counties of Susquehanna, Lackawanna, Luzerne, Carbon, 

 Schu3'lkill, Columbia, Northumberland, Dauphin, and Sulli- 

 van. The total area of the anthracite fields of Pennsylvania 

 is about 484 square miles. 



In a general way the anthracite coal fields may be said 

 to be bounded on the north by the north branch of the Sus- 

 quehanna river, on the east by the Delaware and Lehigh 

 rivers, and on the west by the Susquehanna river. These 

 rivers together with the Schuylkill, form the drainage outlets 

 for the region. The entire anthracite region embraces a 

 territory of about 3,300 square miles, but less than one sixth 

 of this total area, or about 484 square miles, is underlaid 

 by workable deposits of coal. The productive portion is not 

 m a continuous area, but consists of a number of detached 

 valleys or basins, the general trend of which is about 60° N. 

 to 70° E. They are arranged en echelon, from NE. to SW., 

 for a distance of 120 miles. The greatest width is 30 miles, 

 from Mauch Chunk to Shickshinny, or 50 miles if the Bernice 

 basin in Sullivan county be considered as a portion of the 

 anthracite field proper. 



In 1902 the total output of the different varieties of 

 bituminous coal amounted to 260,216,844 short tons, valued 

 at $290,858,483, as compared with 95,629,026 short tons 

 valued at $94,346,809, in 1889, and 42,840,751 short tons, 

 valued at $53,466,958, in 1880. 



Though the small mines numbered 826, they furnished 

 but 196,488 tons of coal, or 0.075 per cent of the total bitumi- 

 nous output. They averaged 238 tons per mine, as compared 

 with 53,879 tons, the average production of commercial mines. 



