256 JOSEPH M. SHEAHAN 



ore is rich and easily smelted, but the companies mining it 

 are handicapped by scarcity of water, cheap fuel and inade- 

 quate transportation facilities. 



Copper is found also in California, Colorado, Utah, New 

 Mexico, Tennessee, and Vermont, but these deposits are of 

 relatively little value. There is also one mine in Wisconsin. 



The exporting of copper from this country showed its 

 first decided gain over the domestic supply in 1896, whereas 

 in all other copper producing countries the supply available 

 for export exceeded the direct exports to Europe. The 

 excess of the exports from the United States in 1901 and 

 1902 was very near the surplus of all other countries, after 

 deducting their direct exports to Europe. These figures 

 demonstrate that the United States has within late years 

 gained control of the export trade of non-European copper 

 producing countries. 



A study of statistics reveals that the direct exports of 

 copper to Europe from Canada and Mexico have fallen off 

 slightly, while the supply of copper available in these countries 

 for export has more than trebled since 1895. All this copper 

 found its way to the United States, to be re-exported to 

 Europe. The direct exports to Europe from Canada and 

 Mexico are but a minor portion of their total copper exports. 

 The United States has also a fair share of the copper trade of 

 Japan, Australia, and Chili, though these countries for the 

 most part maintain direct relations with Europe. 



Germany is the largest consumer of American copper, 

 depending upon the United States for more than half its 

 supply. Great Britain ranks second among the consumers, 

 with France third, the latter country having developed a 

 large demand for American copper since 1896. At present 

 two thirds of that country's supply is derived from America. 



Copper is a red colored metal with a bright metallic 

 luster. The specific gravity of finely divided copper is 

 8.36, while that of hammered copper is 8.95. The metal is 

 exceedingly malleable and may be rolled into thin leaf or 

 drawn into a fine wire. Its melting point is 1100° C, and 

 it burns with a green flame. The enormous increase in the 



