370 F. H. OLIPHANT 



The quality of a portion of the petroleum produced in 

 Kansas and Indian Territory in many respects resembles 

 Pennsylvania petroleum, although the gravity is lower. Sep- 

 arated by intervals of dry or undeveloped territory, there 

 are a number of productive pools, which yield petroleum of 

 a gravity varying from 36° to 28° Baume, although there is 

 a considerable portion as heavy as 18° to 20°. Nearly the 

 entire production of the lighter grades is sold to the refineries 

 at Neodesha, where an excellent water-white illumuiating 

 petroleum is manufactured. 



The crude petroleum found in the Florence field, Colo., 

 is of good quality, and comes principally from the Florence 

 pool. This pool produces a petroleum of 31° Baume, and con- 

 tains about 10 per cent naphtha and gasoline, 36 per cent illu- 

 minating oil, and 54 per cent residuum and loss. 



The development in the last two years in Texas, Louisiana, 

 and California of large fields of petroleum specially adapted 

 for fuel, with the probabihties of increased production in these 

 localities in the near future, has added to the interest felt in 

 the practical solution of the fuel problem. The possibility 

 of the successful and economical use of liquid petroleum in the 

 southwest and west has been fully demonstrated in its applica- 

 tion to locomotives and stationary engines, as well as to a 

 vast number of manufactories that require a large supply of 

 fuel. 



In eastern Europe and southern Asia, along the path of 

 the great ocean commerce and on the waters of the Black and 

 Caspian seas, its use is increasing. 



Russia and Borneo, and, to a less extent, Sumatra and 

 Java, furnish the liquid fuel in these far off countries. At 

 Singapore a central supply depot of considerable magnitude 

 has been established within the last few years. There are 

 smaller supplies stored at Seuz, Bombaj^, Calcutta, Hongkong, 

 and Yokohama. There are a number of large steamers em- 

 ployed on the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific coast, some of 

 which have used liquid fuel for a number of years and have 

 fully demonstrated its superiority. The number of petroleum 

 burning steamers is rapidly increasing. 



The utilization of the entire energ}^ in petroleum will be 



