PROGRESS IN ENGINEERING 



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sible exception of matriculation or graduation fees, the 

 income and output would about balance. The ten institu- 

 tions that reported upon the approximate cost per year 

 per capita for running their engineering departments are 

 Hsted below. R. indicates resident, N. R. nonresident. 



Of the sixty six institutions reporting upon the amount of 

 tuition, sixteen offer free tuition and seven others offer free 

 tuition to residents but charge tuition to non-residents. In 

 all thirteen of the sixty six seem to discriminate between 

 residents and nonresidents. 



About 20 per cent of the institutions reporting charge 

 at least $100, but not over $150, while only three receive 

 more than $150, and each of these makes its tuition $200. 

 One institution, charging $100 for residents, advances its 

 tuition to $225 for nonresidents. 



The development of the various departments of engi- 

 neering has been closely connected with similar progress in 

 the practical application of these branches in the engineering 

 world. Which may be considered the result of the other is 

 not definitel}^ determined ; that is, did the demand necessitate 

 education in these special lines, or did the development of 

 certain special features in the educational institutions lead 

 to the discoveries and application of the new methods and 

 processes? The two conditions are closely related, and it is 

 probable that the one stimulated the other. In this connection 

 Professor F. R. Hutton has said: '^It has been well pointed 

 out that the industrial development of a country is pro- 

 gressive, and begins with a call, first, for the hunter and 

 trapper ; secondl}^ for the pioneer settler ; thirdly, for the min- 

 ing engineer and agriculturist; fourthly, for the civil engineer 

 and specialist in transportation problems, and lastly, for the 



