i64 EMIL MUNSTERBERG 



dren from the crowded city and placing them in the country 

 under wholesome conditions of life, as apprentices or as foster 

 children; an effort which, in view of the increasing current 

 toward the greater cities and industrial centers of America, 

 has great significance, and is worthy of thought in similar 

 situations in Germany. In one year 581 children were sent to 

 the country, of whom 326 found homes and 255 boarding 

 places for payment. From neglected families came in all, 

 1,013 persons, mostly children, for whom in the state of New 

 York work or other help was found through rich supporters, so 

 that a total of 1,594 persons was removed from the city to the 

 country. Of 245 children intrusted to the institutions, 170 

 were placed in families, the others returned to their relatives. 

 In spite of the greater cost of the care exercised in selection 

 and control required by the placing system, and although the 

 conditions of life surrounding them were more wholesome and 

 helpful to the development of the children, yet the cost of 

 family care in the country fell greatly below that of institutions 

 in the city; a child in a city institution costs yearly $120, as 

 against $35 for rural family care. Two hundred and fifteen 

 children were taught in the farm school in order to prepare 

 them for positions in the country. From the farm school were 

 sent 573 pupils, of whom 316 found situations; the others had 

 left school for various reasons or were returned to their rela- 

 tives. The society possesses twenty six day and evening 

 schools, which were attended by 14,615 pupils with a daily 

 average of 7,063. Three of the schools have special classes for 

 defective and crippled children, for which special teachers and 

 attendants are employed. The children are brought in con- 

 veyances to the school, and returned to their homes in the same 

 way. These auxiliary classes prove themselves very helpful, 

 since needy crippled children grow up generally without in- 

 struction and frequently without adequate care. 



Of greater importance are the visits which the teachers 

 make in the homes of their pupils in order to gain insight into 

 their surroundings, and to regulate attendance upon the 

 schools. One year 17,970 such visits were made, with the 

 result that 1,043 truant children were referred to the society 

 and 7,583 cases of extreme neglect were made known and help 



