194 MAN, THE ANIMAL 



regulated by the "old brain" are now controlled 

 by the cerebrum. In this shifting of responsi- 

 bility there have been developed more possibilities 

 of choice when a reaction is needed in this "new 

 brain" than in any other part of the nervous sys- 

 tem. The habits and instincts of such animals are 

 easily modified in comparison with all other ani- 

 mals. The racoon was able to learn a compli- 

 cated lesson in a few trials. 



However, nothing new is introduced as to 

 method and no new kind of reflex action nor 

 new type of nerve impulse is evident in any of the 

 reactions that are regulated by the "new brain." 

 There is not found any new type of synapsis nor 

 is there any structural evidence that habits or 

 learning alter one or more of the synapses in the 

 route over which they travel. We must formu- 

 late our procedure with the same tools that nature 

 has dealt with in teaching animals since they first 

 began reacting to differential stimuli. 



All of a child's information, then, enters 

 through his receptor. These will vary with his 

 heredity as will all other parts of his body and 

 in no other way. There is a given range of vision, 

 audition, sense of taste or smell. His place in this 

 range, poor, medium, good, is fixed before birth. 

 Through his inheritance is thus fixed the limita- 

 tions under which his receptors will respond. The 



