The Logic of Evohttioii 



The lowest animals distinguished and were at- 

 tracted by but a few objects in a very limited 

 range of surroundings. The world of a proto- 

 zoan is a drop of water, and he distinguishes 

 only a few minute particles of food. Worms 

 come into a vastly wider range of conditions. 

 They have good sense organs. They smell, 

 taste, and see. Vibrations In the water make 

 them aware of changes in surrounding condi- 

 tions, not only of food to be seized but of dan- 

 gers to be avoided. The worm has a far wider 

 as well as more accurate knowledge. 



But the study of objects becomes a stepping- 

 stone to the study of their relations to us and 

 of one to another. 



Higher animals act as if they recognized rela- 

 tions. The bee associates bright spots, " honey 

 guides," on the flower with concealed nectar, and 

 thrusts his proboscis into the opening. Many 

 animals recognize signs of danger. The hen 

 clucks at sight of the hawk, and every fowl 

 seeks shelter. The animal recognizes but a few 

 of the simplest and closest relations between ob- 

 jects and Itself. What is neither food nor 

 enemy may usually be neglected. Yet some ani- 

 mals are very curious. 



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