Man in the Light of Evolution 



the faithful citizen in the smaller or larger com- 

 munity; the patriot who seeks the welfare of the 

 nation ; and the philanthropist to whom nothing 

 human is foreign, and who seeks the good of 

 all mankind — all these form a hierarchy of 

 broader sympathy and love, and of ever widen- 

 ing influence. The broader the field of one's 

 efforts, the larger the group for which one 

 works, the more distant the goal. Only patriot 

 and philanthropist really have immortality. 

 The two series or hierarchies are in general par- 

 allel or converging. A man of high rank in 

 the one will hold a similar position in the other 

 also. These laws of human history are really 

 one aspect of a grander law of biology, of 

 which human history is only the last volume or 

 chapter. 



Animals and men have always followed one 

 of two lines of action and life. Dominant forms 

 have utilized to the utmost powers and structures 

 already largely attained by their ancestors, whose 

 supreme usefulness as ends has culminated and 

 is declining, and which offer the largest imme- 

 diate return. They have lived for present 

 conditions and surroundings, have conformed 

 completely to these. They have gained present 



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