232 MANUAL OF MODER.\ FARRIERY. 



years oi age is taken, and, by the aid of an engraving 

 tool, a hole is dug in the surface of the corner teeth to 

 imitate that in a horse of seven years of ao^e. The whole 

 is then burned with heated iron, until it leaves a permanent 

 black stain. This is sometimes extended to the dividers, in 

 a slight degree. But upon a narrow inspection this trick 

 will be detected. The irregular appearance of the cavity, 

 the diffusion of the black stain around the tushes, the 

 sharpened edges and concave inner surface can never be 

 successfully imitated so as to deceive the experienced. 

 Besides, if the incisors of the upper jaw be examined, they 

 will aid the most ignorant in detecting the imposition. 



CHAPTER IX. 



TRINCIPAL MUSCLES OF THE LIMBS, &C 



We do not consider it necessary for the general reader to be 

 acquainted with the entire muscles of the horse, although a 

 knowledge of such as are mere immediately called into 

 active operation will aid him in discovering the seat of 

 sprains and bruises, and to administer for their relief, in the 

 absence of a regular practitioner. 



MUSCLES OF THE OUTSIDE OF THE SHOULDER. 



PLATE VI Fig. 1. 



a. A portion of the sterno-maxiUaris, or muscle wnich is toiii 

 mon to, and connected with, the lower jaw, as well as the fore 

 part of the chest. This is one of the muscles employed m 

 lowering the head. It lies immediately under the skin, aiid 



