130 ARTIFICIAL ADAPTATIONS, ETC. 



and the common elm emerging from the centre (as shown in the 



engraving), and bending its long arms over the former with a freer 



growth, might, we think, present a combination of grotesque grace 



less formal in expression than our illus- 



FlG - 41 ' tration. 



A broad flat-topped arch of a similar 

 character may be made by grafting all 

 four of the branches with the Scamston 

 elm at a, a, Fig. 39, and the points oppo- 

 site. This may be perfected more quickly. 

 For an archway over a carriage en- 

 trance two common elms may be 

 planted by the sides of the gateway, and when their side 

 branches are long enough, may be twisted round and round 

 each other, and tied together, and the other parts of the tree 

 trimmed to develop the best growth of the branches depended 

 on to form the arch. Fig. 41 illustrates the appearance of the 

 trees without their leaves a year or two after the twist has been 

 made. 



