DECIDUOUS TREES. 341 



nuts, so that the tree has less value on this account than the im- 

 ported sorts. It is in fact inferior in nearly every element of beauty. 

 The name Buckeye is supposed to have been given by western 

 hunters to the beautiful nuts of this species in consequence of a 

 fancied resemblance to a buck's eye. Some varieties, crosses 

 probably between the different species, have been originated in 

 English gardens and nurseries that are interesting, and will be 

 mentioned hereafter. 



THE SMALL BUCKEYE, OR AMERICAN RED-FLOWERED HORSE- 

 CHESTNUT. sEsculus pavia (Pavia rubra). This is a small tree 

 with more slender branches and leaves than the Ohio buckeye, and 

 dull reddish-colored flowers. It grows wild in Virginia and North 

 Carolina on the mountains. Height from ten to twenty feet. 

 Blossoms in May and June. There is a trailing variety (P. rubra 

 humilis), which is insignificant on its own roots, but makes a pretty 

 weeping tree if grafted on the branches of upright varieties. There 

 are several other dwarf varieties of this red-flowered Pavia which 

 are being grown in our best nurseries, but whether their peculiari- 

 ties are sufficiently distinct to make them valuable is yet to be 

 determined. All the dwarf or small horse-chestnuts or Pavias 

 should be encouraged to branch pretty close to the ground. 



THE TWO-COLORED PAVIA, P. discolor, is a straggling low shrub 

 with beautiful flowers in May, which continue to expand for a long 

 time. It is admirably suited to make picturesque small trees by 

 grafting on other stocks. 



THE LONG-FRUITED HORSE-CHESTNUT. Pavia macrocarpa. 

 Loudon describes this as follows: "This variety appears to us 

 intermediate between some variety of the &. hippocastanum and 

 Pavia rubra. The leaves are large, smooth on the upper surface, 

 and shining. The flowers are nearly as large as those of the com- 

 mon horse-chestnut, and of a pale red color mixed with yellow. 

 The branches are spreading and loose \ and the whole tree has an 

 open graceful appearance, quite different from that compactness of 

 form and rigidity of branches which belong to the tree species and 



