DECIDUOUS TREES. 415 



years in winter, until the roots permeate largely below the reach of 

 frost, there is little doubt that paulownias of noble size may be 

 grown as far north as around the shores of Lake Erie. Yet we 

 would not omit mulching at any age of the tree. 



The form of the paulownia is squarish-oblate. Fig. 132 repre- 

 sents a specimen growing in Mount Moriah Cemetery, near Philadel- 

 phia, and is a good illustration of the usual character of the tree. The 

 sketch was made in September, at which time the upright spikes 

 of seed-vessels on the tree were conspicuous and ornamental. The 

 trunk of this specimen is sixteen inches in diameter, its height 

 thirty feet, and the branches cover a space fifty feet in diameter. 

 There is a much larger but less perfect specimen in the home- 

 grounds of S. B. Parsons, Esq., at Flushing, L. I. ; and perhaps 

 still finer ones elsewhere which we have not seen. The branches 

 of the paulownia are few in number, long and strong, diverge right- 

 angularly, are disposed to spread laterally, and invariably turn 

 upwards at their extremities. The bark is rather smooth on young 

 trees, dark colored, and furrows with age. The leaves are pointed 

 heart-shaped, a very dark green color, without gloss, and, on old 

 trees, from ten to fifteen inches in length. They appear late in the 

 spring, but retain themselves well upon the tree until hard frosts. 

 The blossoms are formed in large upright panicles on the extremities 

 of the shoots, are silghtly fragrant, and appear early in May. They 

 are trumpet-shaped, and of a purplish color. 



THE MULBERRY. Morus. 



The mulberry is one of those species of trees with rapid succu- 

 lent growth, and large leaves, which are apt to become spasmodi- 

 cally popular, from the readiness with which these qualities are 

 appreciated ; and then to " fall from grace " with a reaction against 

 them disproportioned to their faults. The speculative rage for the 

 Morns multicaulis, a variety of the white mulberry, which became 

 one of the wildest manias on record nearly forty years ago, is now 

 almost forgotten ; and forms one of the curious facts in the history 

 of speculations associated with the great South Sea scheme, the tulip 



