23 



H 2 C1 2 + Na 2 = Na 2 Cl 2 -f H 2 : 

 eled with sodemat yields sodemed and elat. 



H 2 S0 4 + ZnSD = ZnSO* + H 2 : 

 elasot with zinamat yields zinmasot and e/#. 



H 3 S0 4 + Zn = ZnS0 2 + H 2 : 

 elasot with zinam yields zinmasot and hydrd. 

 < aN 2 6 + Na 2 S0 4 = Na N 2 8 + CaS0 4 : 

 \ calcmeneat and sodemasot yield sodemeneat and calmasot. 



WILLIAMSON'S original view of the constitution of ethers is illustrated by 

 the following |ubstitute for the equation explaining the reactions which produce 

 the oxide of diethyl : 



Sodam-echalt with echalv, yields Sodamav and echalemat, 



The use of the new nomenclature in conversations on chemical subjects 

 would correct very soon many vulgar errors, and inculcate, by mere imitation 

 and habit, clearer views of combinations. He who knows why he calls chloro- 

 form arlid, knows on the instant, and knows for life, that it is composed of 

 one of carbon, one of hydrogen and three atoms of chlorine ; or when he 

 designates laughing gas by genat, he announces at once several facts not in- 

 dicated by the old names, nitrous oxide or protoxide of nitrogen. 



Chemical writers, who are obliged to study brevity of expression, will fully 

 appreciate the saving of pen and type-work resulting from the use of the new 

 nomenclature, which may often be as marked as in the following announcement 

 of a late scientific achievement in old and new phrase placed side by side : 



LOSSEN has succeeded in replacing [an atom 

 of hydrogen in ammonia by an atom of 

 hydrogen and oxygen, or hydroxyl; thus 

 forming hydroxalamine] . 



LOSSEN has succeeded in replacing [a/ in 

 ilan hy alt ; thus forming altelan] . 



al } alt 1 ) 



al > an O al > 

 aO al ) 



Very few of the best practical chemists attempt to tax the memory with 

 the exact symbolic formulae of many compounds whose functions and general 

 characteristics are well known to them ; yet they are aware that the applica- 

 tion of the theory of substitutions, in the higher branches of the science, 

 depends on a correct conception of atomic proportions. They would therefore 

 advise the young student, whom doubt hampers quite as effectually as down- 

 right ignorance, to avail himself of the best means to master what is known, 

 and thus prepare himself to keep abreast the general progressive movement, 

 and to meet the practical difficulties that constantly beset the way of the 

 discoverer. 



In conclusion, it is proper to say that only such examples have been cited 

 as seemed essential to prove the copiousness and capacity of the proposed 

 nomenclature. A more complete elucidation and application of it is reserved 

 for succeeding papers. 



