permanent solids when isolated : their terminals may be remembered by the 

 association of j and k in the alphabet ; an atom of boron is boraj or aj, an 

 atom of silicon is silak or ok. 



The compounds of carbon and hydrogen are so numerous that it has been 

 found essential to provide an additional character to represent each. The letter r 

 may be associated with the radiating and refracting power of carbon; and carbar 

 or ar, as well as #c, will represent an atom of carbon. As ac might be mistaken 

 for ak, in radical compounds, the carbon component is denoted generally by r. 



The only case in which it has been found advantageous to use one letter to 

 designate two atoms, is that of h for two atoms of hydrogen, or hydrel ; thus 

 preserving the ratio of the old combining numbers, C a H 2 8 being cht. It will 

 be noted that ach, corresponds with C 2 H. 2 in the old notation, and with H 2 in 

 the new : it is the key to a series of radicals, i.e. methyl, CH 3 , is adial ; 

 ethyl, siH 5 , echal. 



7. Metalloid terminal syllables express as much as the full name, and are 

 used as suffixes to names of metallic atoms to denote a metallic compound ; 

 for example, the protoxide of iron is ferramat, which indicates very clearly 

 that one atom of iron is united with one atom of oxygen. A combination of 

 metalloid syllables represents anon-metallic compound. In numerous cases, the 

 number of syllables forming such a word is less than the number of different 

 elements in the compound, because two or more terminal characters may be 

 united, and the vowel or diphthong preceding the whole will be applicable to 

 each ; for instance, elt = H 2 2 is a molecule of oxygenated water, or peroxide 

 of hydrogen ; am = CN is an atom of cyanogen, and ant = NO is a molecule 

 of binoxide of nitrogen. It will be seen presently that the names of salts con- 

 taining one atom of a metal are sometimes slightly abbreviated, by omitting 

 the a which should precede m; also that m, with a vowel preceding it, is 

 applied to multiples of any radical playing the part of a metal. 



The following table embraces all the chemical elements known with certain- 

 ty, and their atomic numbers corresponding with the systems of BERZELIUS 

 and GERHARDT, to each of which the new names are equally applicable. The 

 highest and lowest known oxides of each element are also added. Names in- 

 cluded in brackets are hydrates containing three elements. In twelve cases, 

 where the same metal is known by two names, each name has been adapted to 

 the new system ; the first name in each couplet is derived from that recognised 

 by chemists of every nation. 



