52 HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF NEWFOUNDLAND 



and soldiers', 1 and Colbert planted old soldiers on the 

 Richelieu. Thirdly, limited or temporary emigration was 

 regarded as necessary to start the colony ; thus Richelieu's 

 hundred Associates were ordered to send four thousand 

 French men and women to Canada in fifteen years, and 

 artisans were induced to emigrate, but also to return, by 

 making them masters at home after six years' service in the 

 colony. 2 As in Spain, residence in a colony was regarded as 

 a privilege, was sometimes allowed for a term, was often 

 refused, and was regulated with watchful jealousy in the 

 supposed interests of the parent state. Indeed, great pains 

 were taken to select soldier artisans as well as civilian artisans 

 for colonial service. 3 



chiefly be- The French aim was to found one great dominion like 



C j>lans tJ -vcre our I nc ^ an Empire, but with a small sprinkling of French- 



and >-e- men, who were to constitute the ruling classes. Their aim 



maincd wag sm gig ( anc j tne j r dominion was to spread from ocean to 



ocean, for their plans were laid out on a continental scale, 



and it was clear that they would prevent, if they could, the 



British lion from lying across the entrance of the great 



avenue of approach to their dominion. Newfoundland was 



the lodge-gate of Canada, and must not be left in the hands 



of a possible enemy. 



while Eng- The English plan was dual, and the French plan was 



wer/dttat sm ^ e - Englishmen abandoned their dual plan, and French- 



and became men pursued their single plan. The English colonies 



manifold. d eve i O p e( j U p On infinitely divergent and unexpected lines, 



and had separate histories; while French colonial history 



was like its policy one, unchanging, and predetermined. 



The rich disorderly vitality of the English colonists presented 



a strange contrast with the thin monotony of the vast French 



colony of Canada. 



1 Lescarbot, of. cit., 1609, Livre IV, ch. i ; ed. 1866, p. 413. 

 " Canada : Documents, &>c., vol. i, p. 69. article xiii. 

 3 Sec e.g. Ordre dn Koi. Jan. 5, 1697; MS. copy in the Archives ol 

 the Dominion of Canada of the French Records. 



