314 Manual of Veterinary Ilicrohiology. 



secondarily, the liver, spleen (it becomes enlarged 

 and uneven on the surface), the bladder, articula- 

 tions, tendinous sheaths, muscles, and keratogenous 

 membrane. 



Schiitz has described, as the cause of this disease, 

 an ovoid microbe, often associated in pairs and which 

 possesses a capsule comparable with that of the 

 pneumococcus of man. Perroncito has also observed 

 a capsule, but states that it does not react to staining 

 agents like that of the pneumococcus; further, the 

 microbe studied by Perroncito kills the rabbit and 

 the guinea pig, whilst the pneumococcus is inactive 

 for the latter. Chantemesse and Delamotte attribute 

 the disease to a streptococcus. Galtier and Violet 

 describe two different microbes which gave two simi- 

 lar diseases : a streptococcus and a diplococcus {strep- 

 tococcus et diplococcus pneumo-enteritis eqiii). Cadeac 

 found in all cases only one micrococcus, often grouped 

 in pairs, sometimes in chains. 



In some investigationsof our own,(l) we have found 



(1) In several horses affected with pneumonia we have found the 

 streptococcus already described by Chantemesse and Delamotte 

 and studied by Galtier. The elements of the chains are stained 

 by the method of Gram and Weigert; cultures in bouillon pro- 

 duce a flocculent precipitate ; gelatin is not fluidified. Inoculation 

 in the rabbit causes a rapid emaciation and a severe diarrhoea, 

 which results in death ; the latter is often preceded by pulmonary 

 hemorrhage. At the autopsy the blood is dark, little plastic, and 

 the serum deeply tinged by the coloring matter of the dissolved 

 corpuscles; the cavities of the peritoneum, pleura and pericar- 

 dium always contain an abnormal quantity of reddish colored se- 

 rum. The intestines are highly inflamed ; Peyer's patches are 

 injected, sometimes studded with petechise; the liver is discol- 

 ored and tumefied; the spleen is enlarged, uneven, dark and fri- 

 able; the kidneys show congestion and extravasation ; the pleura 



