28 Gravel 



1 have never seen a horse with excessive urination that did not improve 

 on timothy hay, prairie hay and corn. 



One can not expect satisfactory results and continue to feed the feed 

 causing the disease. The first thing to do is to change the horses feed, 

 feeding sparingly till he becomes used to the new feed. After 10 days to 



2 weeks, one will be able to tell whether the ration is or is not an agreeable 

 one. I have had the best results in dealing with urinary troubles to get 

 an agreeable ration. In chronic cases of long standing give 1 dram (1 

 teaspoonful) of potassium iodide for 7 days, omit 7 days and unless 

 marked improvement has occured during the 14 days; repeat the drug 

 for another 7 days. 



DIFFICULT URINATION, SUPPRESSED 



URINATION 



(Stone, Gravel, or Urinary Calculi) 



Suppressed urination may be caused by a dirty sheath in horses 

 which may be overcome by washing with soap suds well up in the sheath. 

 Suppression of urine may be caused by paralysis of the bladder. Stone 

 of the bladder is seldom found east of the Mississippi river. It is com- 

 mon where the grass and water contain considerable calcium carbonate 

 which is limestone. Limestone goes into solution very slowly. It may 

 settle in the bladder in the form of a stone and require removing by 

 paa-ing or can sometimes be washed out. External stone calculi oc- 

 casionally appear on the face the size of a nut and are easily removed by 

 cutting them out. 



SYMPTOMS 



The horse shows colicky pains. The urine is passed in small a- 

 mounts or may be totally suppressed. By placing salt on the penis of 

 the horse or vulva of the mare, they will usually try to urinate. When 

 urine is suppressed the animal strains. It is possible to run the oiled 

 hand into the rectum and determine whether the bladder is or is not 

 distended and often if one or more stones are present they can be felt. 

 By feeling through the vulva it is often possible to entqr blunt forceps 

 through the bladder opening and secure the opening to the bladder of 

 the mare located 3 inches inside the vulva on the lower part of the cavity 



