PKOBLEMS WHICH NEED FUKTHER STUDY. 31 



and the puivliaser to consunic. In oilier words, a market should be 

 just as free to mixtures of glucose, melted sugar, and flavoring and 

 coloring extracts, as to a pure sirup made diiectl}' fi-om the cane or tlie 

 iiuiple tree. Tlie only poinl to be kept in view is that these manu- 

 factured articles should be sold under their <>\\ ii luimes and labels 

 and should not be allowed to imitate in name oi- bibel tlie qualities of 

 the i3ure article. The maker of a pure table sirup fi-om cane or other 

 source has no right to demand that the market be closed to ai'tificial 

 mixtures oi- ])roducts intended for a similar pui-pose. On the other 

 liand, the maker of these artificial products certainly has no right to 

 utilize the name and label of the genuine article. Every class of busi- 

 ness is perfectly legitimate if carried on in a legitimate mannei-, and 

 the market should be open and free to all. A complete study of Hie 

 character and extent of the adulteration of sirups is therefore tlie 

 first step toward placing upon the market and securing the sale of 

 the pure and unadulterated article. 



(2) The agricultural problem, from llic agricuitund-chemieal ])oint 

 of view, is also important . This prolilem has been discussed to a cer- 

 tain extent in this bulletin, and an extensive study <»f Hie character 

 of the soil and the chemical properties of the product has been pre- 

 sented. It is evident from this examination that extensive fertiliza- 

 tion must be practiced on soils of the kind indicated in order 1o secure 

 large and remunerative crops. Only a thoi-ough experimental trial of 

 the fertilizers indicated by the analyses in various combinations and 

 mixtures and applied to various kinds of soil will secure results which 

 will enable the practical farmer to utilize tlie agricultural facilities 

 which are placed at his disposal in the most economic and effective 

 way. Numerous plot experiments in Avhich fertilizing materials of 

 diiferent kinds are applied in definite quantities and under controlled 

 conditions will be required to establish the genei-al princijiles which 

 will enable the farmer to use his fertilizers in the most advantageous 

 manner. These experiments all require analyses of the fertilizers 

 used, their measurement in definite quantities, and their api)lication 

 in a thoi'oughly scientific way. 



(o) The thii-d problem in connection with a study of this kind is the 

 improvement of the milling ju-ocesses in order to secure the largest 

 possible expression of the juice of the canes. At llie i)reseiit time 

 single mills of three rollers each are almost universally emiiloyed. 

 There are no data which are sufficiently extensive to enable us to esti- 

 mate the quantity of juice secured. It is evident, liowever, that the 

 percentage of extraction is somewhat low, and probably accurate 

 measurement would show that in many cases not over 00 per cent of 

 the juice contained in the cane is expressed. 



The bagasse coming from mills of this kind is entirely too wet to 

 burn effectively. In fact, in the whole country in wliich sirups from 

 sugar cane are manufactured fuel is so cheap there is little economie 



