19 



pagne cider is not, propei-ly speaking, a jnire r-idor. ))iit is fortified hy 

 addition of sugar. 



It appears that even in the best cider districts of Knghmd there are 

 no really accepted names for ciders which can be depended upon hy 

 purchasers. The name of the maker is practically the only mark 

 worthy of consideration. This state of affairs, however, is in fair way 

 to remedy itself, as the industry is rapidly developing on special lines, 

 and certain class designations, such as still ciders, sparkling ciders, 

 champagne ciders (both dry and sweet), of approximate alcoholic 

 strength, will soon come to be recognized in the ti'ade. The Buhners, 

 at Hereford, seem already to have reached a high degree of perfection 

 in the preparation of their goods, and Mr. Charles Dacres Wise, at 

 the estate of Lord Sudley, in Gloucestershire, was putting up a vevy 

 excellent grade of both still and sparkling ciders and perry, the latter 

 being made from the fruit of the pear. Nothing so interesting in the 

 way of a countr}' plant was found as that of Hon. C. W. Kadcli tte 

 Cook, at Hellens, near Dymock, Herefordshire. This country gentle- 

 man, an ex-member of Parliament, was personally devoting himself to 

 the manufacture of cider in a small way, with the most pi'imitive 

 machinery, and yet producing a good sound article. It was, however, 

 at Butleigh Court, the country seat of R. Neville Greenville, esq., 

 that the best experimental work on cider manufacture found in Eng- 

 land was seen. These establishments will be mentioned more fully 

 under a subsequent head. 



PRINCIPAL CIDER-PRODUCING COUNTRIES OF EUROPE. 



When this inquiry in Europe was begun, the writer was somewhat 

 imbued with the notion, so prevalent in the United States, that cider 

 making- could onlv be regarded as a secondarv affair, a method of util- 

 izing inferior fruit in the manufacture of a product of some local 

 value, but not as an industrv of general importance. However im- 

 portant the saving of the low-grade or unmerchantable fruit might be 

 to our growers, it had not seemed as though cider making could be 

 ranked as a oreat industrv. Interest in the matter had been mainlv 

 aroused l)V what seemed to be a scientitic question of some moment, 

 with fairly promising economic possibilities. 



RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CIDER INDUSTRY IN DIFFERENT 



COUNTRIES. 



In England evidences were found of an industrv fairly well founded, 

 and in France and Germany there exists a great industry already well 

 developed and employing millions of capital in the aggregate, with 

 large areas of country devoted to growing cider fruits as an industry. 



France, by reason of the extent of its manufacture, is easily the 

 leading cider country of the world, followed bv Germany, England, 



