104 



forated. as shown, and glass tubes, with small rul)ber hose connections, 

 are used to convey the gas from the cylinder to the casks. The device 



4;^^-^^^^'^ 





-^^ 



Fig. 21.— Devise for charging casks with carbon dioxid m storage cellar. 



at the bottom is a 4-way rubl)er cross which admits of using four 

 .short distributing pipes in the liquor. As this joint is 

 made with ruV)ber connections, it is j^erfectly flexible and 

 can easily be inserted and removed from the casks. 



The device shown in flgure 22 is used to sulphur the 

 casks. This may be used when cleaning barrels to destroy 

 fungous organisms, but it is chiefly used abroad to sul- 

 phur the casks just before running the liquor into them, 

 botli at first and second fermentation. Thorough sul- 

 phuring will largely destroy the vegetable organisms 

 which ma}' be present in the casks. If they are not after- 

 wards rinsed carefully, too much sulphur may remain in 

 the casks so that the after fermentation will l)e hindered 

 and a taste of sulphur may even be contrilnited to the 

 cider. Perfectly clean water should be used for rinsing. 

 The sulphur match is placed in the cup, then lijfhted, 

 and is lowered burning into the cask until the tapering- 

 bung closes the opening. It will burn until the oxygen 

 is exhausted, when it should be removed. By this device 

 none of the sulphur is permitted to fall into the cask. 



FILTERING OR CLARIFYING THE CIDER. 



The l)est English and French makers agree in the 

 statement that filtering of ciders is a very laborious and 

 unsatisfactory process, resulting usually in loss of quality 

 to the product. The Germans, on the contrary, are more 

 favorable to the filter. Filtering cider appears to be a 

 process much more difficult, ordinarily, than filtering 

 wine made from grapes, and should be avoided if pos- 

 sible. The reason for this is the presence of mucilaginous substances 

 in the liquor. However, unless a cider can b(^ i-ack(Hl (putc free from 



Fig. 22.— Device 

 for burning sul- 

 phur match in 

 casks. 



