78 MARRIAGE AND HEREDITY 



thus affected, for the shape and the expression of the 

 features (depending perhaps upon moral causes) are 

 everywhere significant of Jewish blood. Morally, 

 the Jews of every country are subject to certain in- 

 fluences in common, and possess therefore a common 

 character. Having no fatherland, they have, as a rule, 

 no faculty for self-government, no capacity for political 

 life or military organisation, no patriotism, no con- 

 cern with the questions of aristocracy, democracy, and 

 feudality, upon which the history of the Indo-European 

 peoples has turned. In place of courage, they have 

 shrewdness; they devote themselves to trade and 

 finance, and with the sentiment of race exclusiveness 

 strong within them, they have developed a special code 

 of morality in dealing with their Gentile neighbours. 

 On the other hand, they excel in some of the pleasing 

 arts, such as music and the lighter forms of literature. 

 The saying of Victor Cherbuliez that "every 

 country has the Jews it deserves," is true only in 

 part. Jews who have lived for several generations 

 under an enlightened government are not prone 

 to underhand and treacherous practices like other 

 sections of the race who upon religious grounds have 

 long been oppressed ; the English or French Jew is 

 on the whole, therefore, a better citizen than the Jew 



