chap, xx.] EXTRA LEGS : UNCONFORMABLE CASES. 503 



tarsi are very nearly in the Position VPP. Specimen very kindly lent by Mr E. W. 

 Janson. 

 773. Julodis aequinoctialis (Buprestida?) : the extra legs arise from the posterior and 

 ventral side of the base of the tibia of left middle leg. They are a pair, and are 

 compounded together by their lateral and dorsal surfaces in such a way that the 

 morphologically ventral surfaces of the two are almost in contact along the anterior 

 border of the compound limb. The ventral surfaces here converge at an acute 

 angle. The two extra legs are compounded together throughout the tibiae and first 

 4 tarsal joints. The 5th tarsal joints are free, but only one of them remains. The 

 former presence of the other is only shewn by a socket. The normal tibia is con- 

 stricted and bent at one point so that it does not stand in its normal position. The 

 femoro-tibial articulation is rigid. 



This is a case of a pair of legs compounded as in the position marked VVP in 

 the Scheme but the point of origin is more nearly that of VPP. Specimen originally 

 described by Mocquerys, Col. anorm., p. 47 Jig. 



774 Metrius contractus (Carab.) Esch.: specimen in which the middle left femur 

 ' bears an incomplete pair of legs in addition to the normal one. The femur is of 



normal length. The tibia of the normal leg is articulated with the end of the femur 

 as usual, but is somewhat shorter, stouter and more curved than the tibia of the 

 corresponding leg of the other side. A supernumerary tibia arises from the posterior 

 [and ventral ?] side of the femur a short distance within the apex, and is articulated 

 with it by a separate cotyloid cavity ; the two articular cavities for the two tibia? 

 are confluent, being connected by a groove. The end of this tibia is dilated at its 

 outer end, and bears two articular surfaces, one on each side ; with each of these 

 surfaces, a complete tarsus is articulated, nearly normal in form but somewhat 

 stouter than a normal tarsus. There are four terminal spurs to this tibia, two being 

 below the outer tarsus and two being below the inner tarsus. [It therefore seems 

 that this tibia is made up of parts corresponding with the ventral side of a right 

 tibia and the ventral side of a left tibia, and it is hence probable that if the dis- 

 position of the claws of the tarsi had been examined, it would have been found that 

 they too were a pair, one being a right foot and the other a left. Position probably 

 VVP.] Jayne, H. V., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, 1880, vin. p. 156, PL iv. figs. 3 

 and 3 a . 



775 Aromia moschata ? (Longicorn) : right anterior coxa bearing a pair of super- 

 numerary legs having trochanter and the proximal half of the femur in common. 

 The normal leg and the extra ones were all somewhat reduced in size but were 

 complete. The extra leg adjacent to the normal is a left leg. [From the figure it 

 appears that the legs arose in the Position P, or VPP, and their relative positions 

 seem to have been those indicated in the Scheme. Of course it is not possible to 

 state this definitely without examination, but it is clear that there was at least no 

 great departure from the position shewn in the Scheme.] It is remarked that in 

 this specimen the right mandible was abnormally small. Kolbe, H. J., Naturw. 

 Wochens., 1889, iv. p. 169, Jigs. 



(9) Two cases not conforming to the Scheme. 



Two cases of double supernumerary tarsi require separate con- 

 sideration. The arrangement in both of these cases departs from 

 chat which is usually followed, but it will be seen that there is 

 considerable though imperfect agreement between the two ex- 

 ceptions. Both of these occur in the anterior legs of males of 

 the genus Galathus, and it happens that in the normal form the 

 apex of the tibia presents a considerable modification from the 

 simple structure of other beetles. This modification affects the 

 anterior legs only, and is found in several genera of Carabidae, 

 being especially pronounced in Calathus. 



